Bones in the human skeleton

1. Bones in the human skeleton Functions of the skeleton • Bone marrow produces blood cells • Protection – ribs(heart/lungs); vertebrae of backbone (nerves of spinal cord); pelvis ( some parts of reproductive and digestive systems); cranium/skull (brain/eyes/inner ear) • Movement – muscles attached to bones by tendons • Maintain the shape of the body • Supports the body

2. Joints in the human skeleton Definition - a joint is where two bones meet. • A joint can be a FIXED joint (between the skull plates) and the bones do not move • Ball and socket joint ( hips and shoulder). Many planes of movement – allows great flexibility • Hinge joint – allows movement in one plane only like a hinge on a door ( found in the elbow, knee, bones of the fingers and toes) • Peg and socket joint – found between the bones of the vertebrae • Sliding joints – bones of wrist

3. A synovial joint Functions of parts of a synovial joint * Cartilage – lines bones, stops bones rubbing together • Synovial fluid – acts as a shock absorber, stops bones rubbing together • Synovial membrane – produces the synovial fluid • Ligament – attached to the bones, keeps the bones of the joint in place

4. RICE system for sporting injury • R is for RAISE the limb • I is for ICE to reduce the swelling • C is for COMPRESS to reduce the swelling • E is for ELEVATE the limb All the stages in the RICE system are designed to reduce the swelling to the injury.