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Nonresidential Quality Assurance Project Workshop

Nonresidential Quality Assurance Project Workshop. New Buildings Institute, Inc. Portland Energy Conservation, Inc. Don Felts Energy Consulting. Funded through the US Department of Energy’s Office Of Building Technologies, State and Community Programs

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Nonresidential Quality Assurance Project Workshop

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  1. Nonresidential Quality Assurance Project Workshop New Buildings Institute, Inc.Portland Energy Conservation, Inc.Don Felts Energy Consulting Funded through the US Department of Energy’s Office Of Building Technologies, State and Community Programs Tav Commins, Project ManagerCalifornia Energy Commission

  2. Project Goals • The goal of this two phase project is to improve the construction quality of new nonresidential buildings through building acceptance testing, diagnostics and third-party verification. This work will then be incorporated it into the 2005 energy standards

  3. Description • This DOE funded multi-year project focuses on assuring that building systems perform as they were designed. The core project team consists of the California Energy Commission,the Pacific Gas and Electric Company, New Buildings Institute and Portland Energy Conservation, Inc. FOR MORE INFO... www.newbuildings.org

  4. Phase I Tasks • Compile existing technical literature from the Codes and Standards Enhancement Initiatives(CASE) for implementation in to the standards • Identify alternative approaches to traditional code enforcement. • Protocol for Field Verification of Standards • Process Identification and Mitigation • Building Department Interface • Hold Public Review workshops • Final report of Recommendations

  5. Options for Implementation • Residential Field Verification Model • Similar to duct and HERS verification • New Certification Process • Similar to CABEC certification • Special Inspector • Similar to “structural observation requirements” with CEC/ICBO certification • Acceptance Requirements • AB970 Proposal

  6. Phase II Tasks • Develop specific proposals to amend the standards found in Task I. • Develop specific mechanisms to enable acceptance testing to be used as a standards implementation approach

  7. Acceptance Testing • The application of targeted inspection checks and functional and performance testing conducted to determine whether specific building components, equipment, systems, and interfaces between systems conform to the criteria set forth in the Standards and to related construction documents (plans or specifications).

  8. Compliance Process Certificate of Compliance Certificate of Acceptance Inspection Testing Compliance Documentation Field Inspection Record Drawings Design Construct Start-up Operate Maintain B uild i ng Des ign T eam C on s t r u ct ion T e am B uild i ng O p erat ion s T ea m

  9. Existing Requirements • Certificate of Compliance • Installation Certificate • For all devices in Sections 110 - 119 • HVAC Equipment • HVAC Controls • Lighting Controls • Others • Insulation Certificate • O&M Information and Labeling • Ventilation Information (Title 8)

  10. Certificate of Acceptance • Modeled off AB970 proposal • Provides administrative guidelines for process • Process • Method of verifying performance identified on plans prior to permit • Certificate of Acceptance filed prior to final occupancy permit • Scope of requirements to be integrated into Standards • Will include existing requirements

  11. Recommendations • Develop Acceptance Testing Requirements • Economizer Controls • Air Distribution Systems • Outdoor Air System Control • HVAC Controls • Lighting Controls • Develop “Certificate of Acceptance” to consolidate existing requirements plus capture test results.

  12. Acceptance Requirements • Plans properly documented showing sensor locations, control sequences, etc. • Installation pre-functional and functional tests performed and corrections made • Verify installation certificates, O&M information complete and finalized • Prepare and sign certificate of acceptance and submit to enforcement agency

  13. Mandatory Equipment • Section 121(f) - Completion and Balancing • Transfer to acceptance testing process • Sections 122(a) through (g) - Required HVAC Controls • Transfer to acceptance testing process

  14. Outdoor Air System Controls • Expands existing completion requirements • Necessary for outdoor air ventilation • Small system problems in package units (thermostat problem) • Large system issues with proper operation and VAV • See recent ASHRAE Journal

  15. HVAC System Control • Zonal Thermostatic Controls • Shut-off/Reset • Damper Shut-off • Isolation Areas • See appendix B for proposed acceptance tests • Isolation not included in 4-8 Version

  16. OUTDOOR AIR EXAMPLE • PLAN REVIEW • Outside air ventilation rate meets the Standards for all areas served by the air-handling unit being reviewed.

  17. OUTDOOR AIR EXAMPLE • CONSTRUCTION INSPECTION • Outside air flow station is calibrated OR a calibration curve of outside air vs. outside air damper position, inlet vane signal, or VFD signal was completed during system TAB procedures. • Disable economizer control sequences to prevent unwanted interaction while performing tests.

  18. OUTDOOR AIR EXAMPLE • EQUIPMENT START-UP • Step 1: Drive all VAV boxes to minimum flow. Verify and document the following: • Measured outside airflow CFM corresponds to the total value found on the Standards Mechanical Plan Check document MECH-3, Column H or Column I (which ever is greater) within +/- 10%. • System operation stabilizes within XX (15) minutes after test procedures are initiated (no hunting).

  19. OUTDOOR AIR EXAMPLE • EQUIPMENT START-UP (cont.) • Step 2: Drive all VAV boxes to maximum flow. Verify and document the following: • Measured outside airflow CFM corresponds to the total value found on Standards Mechanical Plan Check document MECH-3, Column H or Column I (which ever is greater) within +/- 10%. • System operation stabilizes within XX (15) minutes after test procedures are initiated (no hunting).

  20. Prescriptive Requirements • Economizers • All buildings • Air Distribution Systems • Located outside conditioned space

  21. Economizer Controls • Large market share • Package equipment 75% of PG&E market • Know issues with operation • PG&E CASE Study and CEC PIER • Issues with respect to economizer installation and operation • Require verification if economizers installed on project

  22. Air Distribution Systems • Builds off of AB 970 requirements • PG&E CASE Study • Nonresidential savings greater than residential • Peak demand reduction larger than annual energy savings • Testing required on ducts in unconditioned spaces • Still need third-party field verification to claim duct leakage reduction ACM credit

  23. Lighting Controls • Controls required on all buildings (AB 970) • Credits aren’t “energy neutral” without effective controls • Time-of-day • Occupancy Sensors • Manual Daylight Switching • Daylighting Controls

  24. DAYLIGHTING EXAMPLE • PLAN REVIEW • Verify the Plan Review for the following: • Evaluate potential external shading issues that could affect daylight from entering the space. This includes reviewing landscaping design and physical location of the proposed building and adjacent structures. If exterior obstructions severely reduce the amount of available light, daylight controls are not required.

  25. DAYLIGHTING EXAMPLE • PLAN REVIEW (cont.) • Review visible light transmittance for all glazing specified and calculate the Effective Aperture for both vertical windows and skylights per the Standards. If the Effective Aperture calculation falls below the minimum threshold per the Standards, daylight controls are not required. • Calculate the daylit area per the Standards and verify and document that all light fixtures within the daylit area are correctly wired to achieve the desired control.

  26. DAYLIGHTING EXAMPLE • PLAN REVIEW (cont.) • All manual switches and/or dimmers are wired appropriately per the Standards within the daylit area to achieve the desired control (mandatory requirement unless choose control option). • All automatic control devices (photosensors) specified within the daylit area are located appropriately to achieve the desired control (lighting control credit option).

  27. DAYLIGHTING EXAMPLE • CONSTRUCTION INSPECTION • Prior to Performance Testing, verify and document the following: • Ballasts specified for light fixtures within the daylit area meet all Standards requirements, including “reduced flicker operation” for continuously dimming and stepped dimming control systems. • All daylight control systems provide a visual or audible signal to indicate device failure.

  28. DAYLIGHTING EXAMPLE • CONSTRUCTION INSPECTION (cont.) • A time delay or switching dead band value of 3 minutes, per Standards, Section 119(e), is programmed into the stepped dimming and stepped switching daylight control system, respectively, to prevent short cycling. • All control devices (photocells) have been properly located, calibrated for appropriate set points and threshold light levels.

  29. DAYLIGHTING EXAMPLE • EQUIPMENT START-UP • Step 1: Simulate bright conditions for a continuous dimming control system. Verify and document the following: • Lighting power reduction is at least 50% under fully dimmed conditions per Standard Section 119(e).1. • Automatic daylight control system reduces the amount of light delivered to the space uniformly.

  30. DAYLIGHTING EXAMPLE • EQUIPMENT START-UP (cont.) • Dimming control system provides reduced flicker operation over the entire operating range per Standards Section 119(e).2. The Standards Manual defines reduced flicker operation as “the operation of a light, in which the light has a visual flicker less than 30% for frequency and modulation”.

  31. DAYLIGHTING EXAMPLE • EQUIPMENT START-UP (cont.) • Step 2: Simulate dark conditions for a continuous dimming control system. Verify and document the following: • Automatic daylight control system increases the amount of light delivered to the space uniformly. • Dimming control system provides reduced flicker operation over the entire operating range per Standards Section 119(e).2. The Standards Manual defines reduced flicker operation as “the operation of a light, in which the light has a visual flicker less than 30% for frequency and modulation”.

  32. ACCEPTANCE PROCESS • The building owner and his contractors are responsible for all start up, testing, balancing • This is a traditional owner – contractor relationship and line of responsibility • Start up, test and balance procedures directly coincide with the acceptance testing • It is important to take advantage of these economic, contractual and licensing synergies in implementing the Acceptance Process

  33. ACCEPTANCE PROCESS • Given these economic, contractual and licensing synergies it follows that the owner and his contractors will: • Be responsible for providing all necessary instrumentation, measurement and monitoring and undertaking all required acceptance requirement procedures • This is a judicious deviation from the original path of having a Third Party be responsible for the Acceptance Process

  34. ACCEPTANCE PROCESS • Therefore the owner and his contractors are responsible for: • Documenting the results of the acceptance requirement procedures • Performing data analysis, calculation of performance indices and crosschecking results with the requirements of the Standard

  35. ACCEPTANCE PROCESS • Owner and contractor responsibilities continued: • Correcting performance deficiencies and re-implementing the Acceptance Process • Upon satisfactory completion of the Acceptance Process issuing a Certificate of Completion authorizing the release of a Certificate of Occupancy

  36. ACCEPTANCE PROCESS • As a quality control/quality assurance backup an independent Third Party performance verification agent will: • Select a sample of building projects where the Acceptance Certificates have been issued • Perform follow-up quality assurance and quality control spot checks of the acceptance procedures • Compare measurement and monitoring results to the results recorded by the building owner’s contactors

  37. ACCEPTANCE PROCESS • Third Party performance verification responsibilities continued: • Discrepancies in results outside of a plus or minus 10% range will be: • Reported to the building owner • Posted in an Acceptance Process public record • Reported to the respective licensing agencies for the contractors who undertook the work

  38. ACCEPTANCE PROCESS • Third Party performance verification issues: • A missing element is a mechanism to correct performance deficiencies that are found by the Third Party agent • At this point the building is occupied, contractors are likely paid for the work • There may be no leverage to cause remedial performance improvements

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