MUTATIONS (1)

1. MUTATIONS @ANSHU AABHA

2. permanent alteration in DNA sequence mutation range in size affecting single DNA building block WHAT IS MUTATION they are caused by random errors in DNA sequences in the cell's nucleus duplicated during cell division can also be caused due to physical DNA damaging agents @ANSHUAABHA

3. Did You Know? TYPES OF MUTATIONS on the basis of the direction on the basis of cell type on the basis of changes in single gene on the basis of the result @ANSHUAABHA

4. CELL TYPE CHANGES IN SINGLE GENE FRAMESHIFT SOMATIC SUBSTITUTION GERMLINE INSERTION DELETION TRANSITION MUTATION DIRECTION FORWARD TRANSVERSION SILENT REVERSE NON SENSE RESULT LETHAL MIS SENSE GAIN IN FUNCTION LOSS IN FUNCTION NEUTRAL @ANSHUAABHA

5. EFFECTS OF MUTATION MISSENSE MUTATION CHANGE SENSE CODON INTO DIFFERENT SENSE CODON NON SENSE MUTATION CHANGE SENSE CODON INTO NON SENSE CODON SILENT MUTATION CHANGE SENSE CODON INTO SYNCHRONOUS CODON AMINO ACID SEQUENCE OF PROTEIN WITHOUT ALTERING ITS ABILITY TO FUNCTION NEUTRAL MUTATION @ANSHUAABHA

6. EFFECTS OF MUTATION LOSS OF FUCTION CAUSES A COMPLETE OR PARTIAL LOSS OF FUNCTION CAUSES THE APPEARANCE OF A NEW TRAIT OR FUNCTION OR CAUSES THE APPEARANCE OF A TRAIT IN INAPPROPRIATE TISSUE GAIN IN FUCTION LEATHAL CAUSES PREMATURE DEATH SUPPRESSOR SUPPERESS THE EFFECT OF AN EARLIER MUTATION AT A DIFFERENT SITE @ANSHUAABHA

7. MUTATION INDUCED SPONTANOUS SPONTANENOUS LESION REPLICATION ERROR PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DEAMINATION DEPURINATION IONIZING RADIATION BASE NON IONIZING RADIATION POINT MUTATION FRAMESHIFT MUTATION ANALOGUE DEPYRIMIDATION BASE OXIDATIVE DAMAGE INTERCALATING AGENT MODIFIERS UV RAYS TRANSVERSION TRANSITION 5'- BROMOURACIL ( ANALOG OF T) X-RAYS 2'- AMINOPURINE (ANALOG OF A) MMS EMS HNO2 HYDROXYL AMINE (TRANSITION) THYMINE DIMER EtBr DELETION ADDITION ACRIDINE ORANGE PROFLAVIN CHROMOSOME BREAK @ANSHUAABHA

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