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The Reign of Louis XIV

The Reign of Louis XIV. Mr. Walker. Religious Wars. St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre Huguenots slaughtered by Catholics Catherine de Medici’s daughter marring Huguenot prince – Henry of Navarre Most nobles died, Henry survives Henry IV – Had to Rebuild France

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The Reign of Louis XIV

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  1. The Reign of Louis XIV Mr. Walker

  2. Religious Wars • St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre • Huguenots slaughtered by Catholics • Catherine de Medici’s daughter marring Huguenot prince – Henry of Navarre • Most nobles died, Henry survives • Henry IV – Had to Rebuild France • Pressured into converting to Catholicism • Tries to help France more • Edict of Nantes • “Declared Huguenots could live in peace in France” • Some liked him (peace) some didn’t (religion) • Assassinated – Stabbed in a carriage

  3. Henry IV

  4. Louis XIII • Henry IV’s son – Weak ruler • Appointed Cardinal Richelieu (RISH•uh•loo) • Real Ruler of France • Took Action vs. Protestants – No Walls • No More Castles for Nobles • Increased Power of Gov’t Agents – Middle Class • Wanted World Power – Hapsburgs (Powerful Family) • Gets Involved in the Thirty Years’ War

  5. Cardinal Richelieu

  6. French Writers • Skepticism • “Idea that nothing can be known for certain” • Michel de Montaigne • Essay • “Brief written work that expresses a person’s thoughts and opinions.” • New beliefs replace old ones – Never have absolute knowledge • René Descartes • “Father of Modern Philosophy” (and Math too…) • Scientific Method • “I think, therefore, I am”

  7. Michel de Montaigne

  8. René Descartes

  9. Louis XIV’s Reign • Most Powerful Ruler in French History • 14-years old • Cardinal Mazarin (Maz•uh•RAN) • Ended the Thirty Years’ War • Taxes & Strengthened Cent. Gov’t • Many People Hated Him for This (Nobles) • Attempt a Rebellion, but Fail • 1 – Distrusted leaders more than Mazarin • 2 – Violent Repression • 3 – Peasants Hated Fighting – Alternative (Rebellion) Was Worse • Key to Who Louis is…

  10. Cardinal Mazarin

  11. Cardinal Mazarin

  12. Louis XIV • Louis = 22 when Mazarin dies • Weakened Noble Power • Excluded From Councils • Intendants • “Government Agents/Tax Collectors/Police” • Economic Growth • Jean Baptiste Colbert (kawl•BEHR) • Minister of Finance • Believed in Mercantilism • Wanted France to be self-sufficient, no imports

  13. Louis XIV

  14. Jean Baptiste Colbert

  15. Colbert • Tax Breaks and $$ to French Companies • Very High Tariffs • Encouraged French Colonies in Canada • After Colbert’s Death, Louis Repeals Edict of Nantes • Thousands of Huguenots Flee Country (Skilled Workers & Businessmen)

  16. The Sun King • 8:30 Wake-up Call • 100 Nobles - 4 Help Him Dress • Keeps Nobles at Versailles • Keeps Power With Intendants • Grand Style – Showed Wealth and Power • Changes Art • No Longer to Glorify God – Middle Ages • No Longer to Glorify Human Potential – Renaissance • Glorify King and Absolute Rule

  17. Palace at Versailles

  18. War Time • Louis invades neighbors to the west • Success makes him want to go north • Not as successful, flood countryside • European-wide alliance • League of Augsburg • Austria, Sweden, and Spain = France • Poor harvests, war, high taxes

  19. Succession • Charles II of Spain – childless • Promise throne to Philip of Anjou • Louis XIV’s Grandson • HUGE power • War of the Spanish Succession - 1701 • “War when England, Austria, Dutch Rep., Portugal, German and Italian states try to prevent union of French and Spanish throne.” • 1714 – Treaty of Utrecht • Philip can keep the throne, but can’t be united • Britain gets Gibraltar – Mediterranean entrance

  20. Louis’ Death • Sad years, apologized to people • Cheered his death • Mixed legacy • Times of great power • Military leader of Europe • Warfare • Versailles – debt • Abuse of power • His ideas did not die however… • Prussia and Austria on deck…

  21. This said that all Huguenots could live in peace in France, Louis XIV later repealed it. • Treaty of Utrecht • Treaty of Tordesillas • Edict of Nantes • Divine Right

  22. I helped Louis XIII run France and was responsible for getting France involved in the Thirty Years’ War. • Jean Baptiste Colbert • Cardinal Richelieu • Cardinal Mazarin • René Descartes

  23. I am a skeptic. I also helped develop the idea of the scientific method. • Jean Baptiste Colbert • Cardinal Richelieu • Cardinal Mazarin • René Descartes

  24. I helped Louis XIV run France until he was old enough to do it himself. I pulled France out of the Thirty Years War. • Jean Baptiste Colbert • Cardinal Richelieu • Cardinal Mazarin • René Descartes

  25. I was Louis XIV’s Minister of Finance. I wanted France to be 100% self-sufficient. • Jean Baptiste Colbert • Cardinal Richelieu • Cardinal Mazarin • René Descartes

  26. I became France’s most powerful ruler and called myself “The Sun King” • Louis XIII • Louis XIV • Henry IV • Henry VIII

  27. Louis XIV’s magnificent palace was called this • El Escorial • The Sun Palace • Versailles • Palace of Westphalia

  28. This war was to prevent the thrones of France and Spain to combine. • War of Spanish Succession • Thirty Years’ War • Spanish-American War • Seven Years’ War

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