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Filamentous fungi - review and Oomycetes

Filamentous fungi - review and Oomycetes. Lecture 3. Four phyla of fungi. Chytridiomycota - no sexual spore Zygomycota - zygospore Ascomycota - ascospore Basidiomycota - basidiospore. Ascomycota. Botrytis cinerea - a fungus -causes grey mold. Powdery mildew of cucumber.

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Filamentous fungi - review and Oomycetes

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  1. Filamentous fungi -review and Oomycetes Lecture 3

  2. Four phyla of fungi • Chytridiomycota - no sexual spore • Zygomycota - zygospore • Ascomycota - ascospore • Basidiomycota - basidiospore

  3. Ascomycota

  4. Botrytis cinerea - a fungus -causes grey mold

  5. Powdery mildew of cucumber

  6. Eye spot disease of strawberryRamularia grevilleana, Mycosphaerella fragariae

  7. Canker, Nectria galligena

  8. Wilts caused by Fusarium oxysporum Darkened vascular tissue of cucumber caused by F. ox. f.sp. cucumerinum Wilt of field grown melon caused by F. ox. formae speciales melonis

  9. Characteristics of Basidiomycota • Mycelium is septate • Septa are perforated - sometimes with dolipore (doughnut shaped)

  10. Basidiomycetes have clamp connections

  11. Fly agaric(flugsvamp)

  12. Stem rust of wheat

  13. Aecia on barberry

  14. Rust of raspberry

  15. Rust of rose

  16. Rhizoctonia solani • It is a basidiomycete; teliomorph (Thanatephorus cucumeris) is rare. • Has very characteristic mycelium; typical of basidiomycete. • Differentiated into anastomosis groups (AG) (fusion of hyphae only occur if same anastomosis group)

  17. Corn smut

  18. Corn smut

  19. Corn smut

  20. The disease cycle of corn smut

  21. Oomycota • They are very different from true fungi: • Cell walls have cellulose and glucans. • Hyphae have no cross walls (septae). • Spore types: • Oospore = resting spore, sexual spore • Zoospores, zoosporangia = asexual spores • Examples: • Pythium -seed rot, damping off, root rot • Bremia, Peronospora, Plasmopara - downy mildews

  22. Oomycetes belong to Chromista

  23. Different types of diseases caused by Oomycetes

  24. Late blight of potato, caused by Phytophthora infestans

  25. The disease cycle of potato late blight (Phytophthora infestans)

  26. Mature sporangium

  27. There are 8-10 zoospores per sporangium

  28. Zoospores are released

  29. One zoospore left…

  30. Zoospores germinate

  31. See movie of zoospore release

  32. Grass lawn attacked by Pythium ultimum (damping off)

  33. Life cycle of Pythium ultimum

  34. Downy mildew of grape

  35. Attack of grape berries

  36. Symptoms of grape downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola)

  37. Disease cycle of Plasmopara viticola, downy mildew of grape

  38. Zoospores of downy mildew of hop, landing on leaf and infecting

  39. Downy mildew of onion (Peronospora destructor)

  40. Downy mildew of cabbage (Peronospora parasitica)

  41. Tree and strawberry diseases caused by Phytophthora species

  42. Strawberry crown rot, caused by Phytophthora cactorum Oospore and sporangia

  43. Alnus glutinosa attacked by Alder Phytophthora Brownish reddiscolouration Oogonia Oospore Amphigyne two-celled antheridia Alder stembase Photo: Christer Olsson

  44. Symptoms of Phytophthora alni ssp. uniformis on alder (Alnus glutinosa) • The pathogen infects through wounds at the stembase or through the roots. • The tree tops die • The tree dies later

  45. Phytophthora ramorum, chlamydospores. (Diameter 20 – 90 µm, 52.5 – 75 µm on this slide). Often germinating with a sporangiophore. Isolat CH 180, (CBS 101328; P1357), The Netherlands, Rhododendron. Heterothallic (A1). Christer Olsson, 1/7 2002, DIA bilder

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