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FILAMENTOUS FUNGI

FILAMENTOUS FUNGI. PAGE 13. SOME DISEASES CAUSED BY FILAMENTOUS FUNGI. Chromoblastomycosis Mycetoma Mucormycosis **** Aspergillosis ****. CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS. A chronic localized infection of the subcutaneous tissue caused by several species of dematiaceous fungi. Chromoblastomycosis.

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FILAMENTOUS FUNGI

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  1. FILAMENTOUS FUNGI PAGE 13

  2. SOME DISEASES CAUSED BY FILAMENTOUS FUNGI • Chromoblastomycosis • Mycetoma • Mucormycosis **** • Aspergillosis ****

  3. CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS A chronic localized infection of the subcutaneous tissue caused by several species of dematiaceous fungi

  4. Chromoblastomycosis Fonsecaea pedrosoi Cladosporium carrionii Phialophora verrucosa

  5. Ecological AssociationChromoblastomycosis • Soil • Decaying vegetation

  6. Murifrom Cells(sclerotic bodies) A fungus form resulting from host defenses

  7. Muriform cells

  8. Chromoblastomycosis Melanin may be a virulence factor

  9. Geographic distribution World-wide (usually warmer climates)

  10. CLINICAL SPECIMENS • PUS • BIOPSY MATERIAL

  11. TREATMENT(Difficult) • EXCISION • TERBINEFINE • ITRACONAZOLE • POSACONAZOLE

  12. No Serological Tests Available

  13. Mycetoma • Tumefaction • Granules • Draining sinus tracts • Muscle invasion • Bone invasion

  14. Mycetoma agents • Madurella mycetomatis • Phialophora jeanselmei • Pseudallescheria boydii

  15. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION WARM CLIMATES (SE United States, South America, Africa)

  16. ECOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION SOIL

  17. Clinical SpecimensMycetoma • Pus • Tissue

  18. IDENTIFICATION • Colonial morphology • Conidia formation • Granules • Color • Size shape • Texture • Biochemical reactions

  19. DEMATIACEOUS HYPHAE De

  20. Serological TestPseudalescheria Immunodiffusion

  21. Therapy Terbinefine Itraconazole Posaconazole

  22. Mucormycosis An acute infection characterized by inflammation and vascular invasion and thrombosis.

  23. Portal of entry • Inhalation • Ingestion • Surface contamination (burns)

  24. Mucormycosis *Rhizopus species Mucor species Absidia species.

  25. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION WORLDWIDE

  26. ECOLOGICAL NICHE UBIQUITOUS • FOOD • SOIL • ORGANIC DEBRIS

  27. UNCONTROLLED DIABETIC Rapidly fatal

  28. MUCORMYCOSIS CLINICAL SIGNS Ketoacidosis Nasal stuffiness Proptosis Eschar

  29. CHARACTERISITICS OF MUCOR INFECTION • AFFINITY FOR ARTERIAL INVASION • NASAL OR SINUS INFECTIONS • DIRECT EXTENSION TO THE BRAIN THROUGH CRIBIFORM PLATE • RAPIDLY FATAL

  30. WIDE, NON-SEPTATE, RIBBON-LIKE

  31. TREATMENT MUCORMYCOSIS • Control diabetes (or other underlying condition) • Biopsy • Culture • Surgery (Debridement) • Amphotericin B

  32. SEROLOGIC TEST IMMUNODIFFUSION

  33. ASPERGILLOSIS A variety of diseases: pulmonary, external ears, eyes, meninges, sinuses or blood stream

  34. CLINICAL TYPES OF PULMONARY DISEASE • ALLERGIC • FUNGUS BALL • INVASIVE

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