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Basic General Chemistry

Review of Carbon Atom.

Biochem019
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Basic General Chemistry

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  1. General Chemistry Review Part I

  2. General Chemistry: Carbon Atom Atomic Theory Covalent Bonding Chemical Formulas

  3. General Chemistry of Carbon • Carbon is a non-metal chemical element. • A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

  4. General Chemistry of Carbon • Carbon atomic number = • 6 Protons • 6 Electrons • 6 Neutrons • Group IV • Four valence electrons

  5. Atomic Theory of Carbon Ground state electronic configuration of carbon is: 1s22s22p2 [He] 2s22p2 2S2 Nucleus 1S2 2P2

  6. Electronic Configuration C

  7. Atomic Theory of Carbon • Carbon atom ground state configuration: 1s2 2s2 2Px1 2Py1 2Pz0

  8. Covalent Bonding Carbon can covalently bond with other elements: • Hydrogen • Oxygen • Nitrogen • Sulfur • Halogens

  9. Covalent Bonding • Carbon only forms single, double or triple bonds with other carbon atoms

  10. Covalent Bonding • Carbon only forms single bonds with hydrogen and/or halogens atoms

  11. Covalent Bonding • Carbon may form single bonds with nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur

  12. Covalent Bonding • Carbon may also form double bonds with nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur

  13. Covalent Bonding • Carbon may also form triple bonds with nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen

  14. Chemical Formulas • Three classes are: • Molecular • Structural • Condensed

  15. Molecular Formulas Show: • The types of atoms present • The numbers of each atom present in a molecule

  16. Molecular Formulas For example, glucose • Symbols for carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are C, H, and O respectively • Molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6

  17. Structural Formula s Show arrangement of atoms: • How atoms are bonded, • In which order they are bonded • Whether single, double or triple bonds are used

  18. Structural Formulas: Examples

  19. Condensed Formulas Show: • Groups of atoms in a molecule • The sequential relationships of these group of atoms to each other with or without showing covalent bonds

  20. Condensed Formulas: Examples

  21. Condensed Formulas: Examples

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