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Phylum Chordata

Phylum Chordata. Characteristics of Chordates. Notochord Dorsal nerve cord Pharyngeal pouches or gill slits Postanal tail. Subphylum Cephalocharodata- This subphylum is composed of about 2 dozen blade-shaped animals known as lancelets. They retain all characteristic throughout life.

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Phylum Chordata

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  1. Phylum Chordata

  2. Characteristics of Chordates • Notochord • Dorsal nerve cord • Pharyngeal pouches or gill slits • Postanal tail

  3. Subphylum Cephalocharodata- This subphylum is composed of about 2 dozen blade-shaped animals known as lancelets. They retain all characteristic throughout life. Subphylum Urochordata- This subphylum is commonly known as tunicates ( sea squirts). Larva posses all chordate characteristics while adults exhibit only Pharyngeal pouches.

  4. Subphylum Vertebrata • All characteristics of chordates • Distinguishing characteristics • Vertebral column or spine • Cranium or skull that protects the brain • Endoskeleton composed of bone or cartilage

  5. Major groups of Vertebrates

  6. Lampreys and Hagfishes • Long, eel-like bodies • Lack jaws • Paired fins • bones

  7. Sharks, Skates and Rays • Class Chondrichthyes • Jaws • Paired fins • Skeleton of cartilage

  8. Boney Fishes • Class Osteichthyes • Jaws • Most have a skeleton composed of bone

  9. Amphibians • Class Amphibia • Included frogs, toads and salamanders • Skin is moist and permeable to gases and water • Most lay eggs in water • Most have an aquatic larval stage

  10. Reptiles • Class Reptilia • Turtles, crocodiles, alligators, lizards and snakes • Skin is dry and scaly • Eggs that can be laid on land

  11. Birds • Class Aves • Adapted for flight • Feathers • Hollow bones • Unique respiratory system

  12. Mammals • Characteristics • Endothermy • Hair • Completely divided four chamber heart • Milk produced from mammary gland • Single jawbone • Specialized teeth

  13. Order Monotremata • Egg-laying mammals • Most primitive of mammals • Only three species • Two anteaters and one platypus

  14. Order Marsupialia • 250 species • The U.S. has only one species – the Virginia opossum • Young develop in a pouch

  15. Placental Mammals • Diverse group composed of at least 18 orders • 95% of mammals are placental • They live on land, in water and the air

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