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Shoulder Conditions. Chapter 11. Articulations. Sternoclavicular (SC) Acromioclavicular (AC) Coracoclavicular (CC) Glenohumeral (GH) Scapulothoracic. Sternoclavicular Joint. Surrounded anteriorly and posteriorly by 4 ligaments Interclavicular Costoclavicular Anterior sternoclavicular
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Shoulder Conditions Chapter 11
Articulations • Sternoclavicular (SC) • Acromioclavicular (AC) • Coracoclavicular (CC) • Glenohumeral (GH) • Scapulothoracic
Sternoclavicular Joint • Surrounded anteriorly and posteriorly by 4 ligaments • Interclavicular • Costoclavicular • Anterior sternoclavicular • Posterior sternoclavicular • SC enables rotation of the clavicle with respect to the sternum
Acromioclavicular Joint • Acromion process of the scapula with the distal clavicle is the joint • Superior and Inferior acromioclavicular ligaments • Coracoacromial ligament • AC enables limited motion in all three planes of movement
Coracoclavicular Joint • Coracoid process of the scapula and the inferior surface of the clavicle. • Coracoclavicular ligament • Resists upward movement of the clavicle, downward movement of the scapula, and anteroposterior movement of the clavicle or scapula.
Glenohumeral Joint • Articulation between the glenoid fossa of the scapula and the head of the humerus • Superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral ligaments • Allows just about all ranges of motion in all three planes
Scapulothoracic Joint • Muscles attaching to the scapula from the thoracic trunk area allow the scapula to move • Stabilizes the shoulder- • Permits many movements of the shoulder
Bursae • Subcoracoid • Subscapularis • Subacromial • Cushion the rotator cuff muscles from overlying bone
Flexion Extension Hyperextension Abduction Adduction Horizontal Adduction Horizontal Abduction Medial rotation (internal) Lateral rotation (external) Movements
Shoulder Movements • Scapulohumeral rhythm
Clavicular Fractures • Blow or fall on the point of the shoulder • Figure 8 brace is worn for 4 to 6 weeks • Pain will be persistent on palpation and active movements
Scapular Fractures • Spine of scapula, acromion process, coracoid process, or the glenohumeral joint • Either direct trauma or a forceful contraction of the attaching muscle
Epiphyseal and Avulsion Fractures • Growth plates do not close until 18 to 25 years of age • Excessive movements of these plates can cause fractures
Humeral Fractures • Violent compressive forces from a direct blow • Fracture is commonly found in the surgical neck