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War in the Pacific. Objectives. Explain why Japan began a war with the U.S. List the reasons why the U.S. won the war. List 3 facts about America’s war with Japan. Japan pre-1941. Militarism Imperialism Invasion of China Invasion of Korea Brink of war with USSR. Problems with America.
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Objectives • Explain why Japan began a war with the U.S. • List the reasons why the U.S. won the war
Japan pre-1941 • Militarism • Imperialism • Invasion of China • Invasion of Korea • Brink of war with USSR
Problems with America In response to Japanese aggression in Asia, the U.S. froze Japanese asset and embargoed these products from going to Japan: • Scrap iron • Oil Negotiations went nowhere
Pearl Harbor • U.S. Pacific Fleet based at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii • Surprise attack…7:55 a.m., Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor • Japanese bombed Pacific Fleet and military airfields • U.S. casualties: 2,350 servicemen and civilians died; 1,178 wounded; 21 ships and 323 aircraft destroyed or damaged • USS Arizona sunk, killing 1,177 • Japanese casualties: less than 100 men, 29 planes, 5 midget submarines
Pearl Harbor: U.S. reaction • U.S. declared war on Japanon Dec. 8, 1941 • U.S. mobilizes for total war
Pearl Harbor: U.S. reaction • Executive Order 9066: Japanese living on the West Coast of the U.S. forced to move to internment camps
If you were FDR in 1942, what would you have about the Japanese living in the U.S.? Why?Share your answers with a partner.
Pearl Harbor: World reaction • Great Britain declared war on Japan on Dec. 8, 1941 • Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S. on Dec. 11, 1941
Battles/Engagements Through 1942, the Japanese expanded their empire in Asia and in the Pacific, but after that: • Doolittle raid – April 1942 • Battle of Coral Sea – May 1942 • Midway – June 1942 • Guadalcanal – Nov. 1942
Battles/Engagements • Solomon Islands – Nov. 1943 • Kwajalein – Feb. 1944 • Leyte Gulf – Oct. 1944 • Iwo Jima – Feb. 1945 • Firebombing Tokyo – March 1945
Note-check Take a few minutes to compare notes with a partner. Clarify any info you don’t fully understand.
Japanese atrocities Rape of Nanking Bataan Death March
Kamikaze pilots • An honor to die for the emperor
Atomic bomb • Decision by Truman • His justification: would save American lives • Dropped on Hiroshima on Aug. 6, 1945; no Japanese surrender • Dropped on Nagasaki on Aug. 9, 1945; Japanese surrender • Death toll from bombs: approx. 214,000
End of the Pacific War • USSR declared war on Japan on Aug. 8, 1945 • Japan surrendered Aug. 14, 1945 • Deaths: U.S. approx. 500,000; Japan approx. 2 million
Summary/Discussion • Why did Japan start the war with the U.S.? • Why did the U.S. win the war?
Stump your partner • Take a minute to come up with 1 question. Then see if you can stump your partner. • We’ll then answer harder questions as a class.