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MWH Corning March 2010. War in the Pacific. Japan’s military leaders wanted an empire like the European nations had 1931 – Japanese troops moved from Manchuria into NE China 1937 – Second Sino –Japanese War Used a lot of resources, Japan looked at the rich European colonies in SE Asia.
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MWH Corning March 2010 War in the Pacific
Japan’s military leaders wanted an empire like the European nations had • 1931 – Japanese troops moved from Manchuria into NE China • 1937 – Second Sino –Japanese War • Used a lot of resources, Japan looked at the rich European colonies in SE Asia JAPAN’S Expansion in Asia
The U.S. felt that their colonies in the Philippines and Guam were threatened • Sent aid to China to resist Japanese • 1941 – Japan invades French Indochina • Pres. Roosevelt cuts off oil shipments • Admiral Yamamoto calls for an attack on Pearl Harbor (Hawaii) • Dec 1941 – Japanese attacked • Congress declares war on Japan and its allies • Internment of Japanese Americans - (1942) 110,000 placed in War Relocation Camps, 65% U.S. Citizens • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUrpIFp7EMA&feature=related What about the U.S.?
Japan also launched bombing raids on Hong Kong (British colony) and Guam/Wake Islands • Invasion force landed in Thailand • Jan – April 1942 Japan takes the Philippines • Feb 1942 – Japanese strike against British colonies: Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore and Burma; Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) • Treatment of Japanese Prisoners of War • By 1942 control 1 million square miles – WHY? Other parts of Asia
Battle of Coral Sea (1942)– use of aircraft Battle of Midway (1942) – turn the tide General MacArthur’s “Island Hopping” plan – target strategically important islands, moving closer to Japan Battle of Guadalcanal (1942) – 6 months, Japanese lost 24,000 of 36,000 force Allied counter-attack
By 1944 Japanese Navy was destroyed – only Army and Air Force (kamikaze pilots) in play • Feb 1945 – Fire bombing of Tokyo begins (carpet bombing -> non-strategic) • March 1945 – American Marines take the island of Iwo Jima (Iwoto) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Wm7ADffYzo • April 1945 – Okinawa – Japanese lost 100,000 troops, US 10,000 • Next step – invasion of Japan but that would come at a cost End of the war
Pres Truman needed to decide to commit about .5 million troops or use a new weapon – the Atomic bomb • Ultimatum – unconditional surrender of Japan • Emperor no longer divine • Aug 6, 1945 – Ebola Gay – dropped Atomic bomb on Hiroshima – 80,000 people killed but “injuries” continue until today • Aug 9, 1945 – second bomb on Nagasaki • Japanese surrender Sept 2, 1945 • Video:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NF4LQaWJRDg&feature=SeriesPlayList&p=D7F1A06CE1780AD5 Hiroshima/nagasaki