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INTERACTION SPECIES 1 SPECIES 2 COMMENTS NEUTRALISM 0 0 NEITHER POP AFFECTS THE OTHER COMPETITION - - INHIBITION OF

Species Interactions. INTERACTION SPECIES 1 SPECIES 2 COMMENTS NEUTRALISM 0 0 NEITHER POP AFFECTS THE OTHER COMPETITION - - INHIBITION OF EACH SPECIES BY THE OTHER AMENSALISM - 0 SPECIES 1 IS INHIBITED, SPECIES 2 IS NOT AFFECTED PARASITISM

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INTERACTION SPECIES 1 SPECIES 2 COMMENTS NEUTRALISM 0 0 NEITHER POP AFFECTS THE OTHER COMPETITION - - INHIBITION OF

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  1. Species Interactions INTERACTION SPECIES 1 SPECIES 2 COMMENTS NEUTRALISM 0 0 NEITHER POP AFFECTS THE OTHER COMPETITION - - INHIBITION OF EACH SPECIES BY THE OTHER AMENSALISM - 0 SPECIES 1 IS INHIBITED, SPECIES 2 IS NOT AFFECTED PARASITISM PREDATION + - SPECIES 1 BENEFITS AT THE EXPENSE OF SPECIES 2 COMMENSALISM + 0 SPECIES 1, THE COMMENSAL, BENEFITS WHILE SPECIES 2, THE HOST, IS NOT AFFECTED MUTUALISM + + INTERACTION IS FAVORABLE TO BOTH SPECIES

  2. PREDATION • Predation - consumption of live prey by an organism, predators attach several prey individuals over their lives.

  3. PREDATION • Predation - consumption of live prey by an organism, predators attach several prey individuals over their lives. • Grazers - attack many prey individuals but only consume parts of the prey, and attacks are rarely lethal. • Parasites - consume only parts of prey, rarely lethal, attack only one or a few prey over parasite’s lifetime.

  4. Predator Effects on Prey

  5. http://biology.usgs.gov/pierc/PLLindseyPredator1.htm

  6. http://greateryellowstonescience.org/files/pdf/Laketrout_Almanac_YELL.pdfhttp://greateryellowstonescience.org/files/pdf/Laketrout_Almanac_YELL.pdf

  7. Predators have minor effect on prey populations if: • Predators take prey individuals with the lowest fitness. (e.g. muskrat)

  8. Predators have minor effect on prey populations if: • Predators take prey individuals with the lowest fitness. (e.g. muskrat) • Prey may compensate for predation by increased survival and reproduction of survivors. (e.g. coyote)

  9. Predators have minor effect on prey populations if: • Predators take prey individuals with the lowest fitness. (e.g. muskrat) • Prey may compensate for predation by increased survival and reproduction of survivors. (e.g. coyote) • The effects of one species of predator are replaceable by another predator species. (e.g. wolves, bear, moose)

  10. Prey Effects on Predators Kills per predator FUNCTIONAL PREDATOR RESPONSE - Changes in predator consumption rates associated with changes in prey density.

  11. Prey Effects on Predators NUMERIC PREDATOR RESPONSE - Changes in predator density in response to prey density.

  12. Predator and Prey Population Models

  13. Predator and Prey Population Models

  14. Predator and Prey Population Models

  15. Predator and Prey Population Models

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