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WWII

WWII. U.S. would be the “ great arsenal of democracy ” (again only allied power not touched by war here at home) show WW2 from Space 20:09

Jimmy
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WWII

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  1. WWII

  2. U.S. would be the “great arsenal of democracy” (again only allied power not touched by war here at home) show WW2 from Space 20:09 • In June 1941 Hitler violating the Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939 & invaded Soviet Union = Lend-Lease applied to USSR too (very strained relations with this ally, didn’t recognize as country til 1932, why? • USSR refusal to pay War debts, • We sent troops to help whites v. reds, • they encouraged communist activity in U.S.) (all setting up for the _________after WWII?) • Show America the Story of Us: WWII 11:54-18:13

  3. From North Africa… …to D-Day Stalin upset about delay of 2nd front 46:00-

  4. U.S. enters the fight from northwest Africa; they were very ineffective at first • General George Patton (U.S.) - colorful, controversial, effective in charge of N.African Campaign • show WW2 from Space 48:05-56:06 N.African Campaign

  5. Germans are defeated in N. Africa by being pinched on both sides • Within Nazi occupied countries, resistance began to occur (sabotage, spying)

  6. Battle of El Alamein –GB stopNazis from getting to Middle East oil & attacking USSR from South.

  7. Southern Europe in 1943 • U.S. and G.B. invade Sicily • Italy is invaded next • Mussolini is overthrown & Italian government surrendered(Mussolini tries to flee to Germany but caught & drug through streets)(said to be the soft underbelly of the Axis Powers) • Germans defend Italy stubbornlyw/ German soldiers plugging lines. • Italy slowly fell after taking 1yr to climb up peninsula & only made it to Rome (½ way up peninsula) (not the soft underbelly) NESEI 442nd

  8. Invasion of western Europe: • Soviets were pressuring Britain and the U.S. to open a western front • 2 years of planning D-Day (adds to Cold War tensions)

  9. General Dwight Eisenhower (U.S.) - Supreme Allied Commander – • Patton becomes decoy w/fake arsenal (Patton troubles when slapped PTSD soldier)

  10. D-Day • History Documentary - World War 2 Normandy Invasion In Colour Best Documentary HD, Full Documentary youtube • All Jewish-American soldiers are given an option of changing the religion on his dog tags as they prepare for the invasion

  11. Massive build up in England of Allied troops, planes, ships, and arms

  12. June 6, 1944 > D-Day - Invasion at Normandy, France - 300,000 military personnel involved - 176,000 troops landed - 5,000 naval vessels - 11,000 aircraft • Hitler knew allies would invade France so fortified France along the English Channel at Calais • Allies had advantage of surprise because Hitler didn’t know when or where

  13. Needed low tide & no storms • small window from June 5 – 7 • Ike’s staff called date for invasion begins w/ Letter D • So when weather bad on June 5th & reports called for improvement on June 6th Show ww2 from space D-Day 1:03-1:15.00-Operation Fortitude (decoy Army led by Patton, d-Day)

  14. At end of the long and deadly day, the Allies had a beach head in France from which they could drive into Europe

  15. The Holocaust • Anti-Semitism (anti-Jews)had been a common belief among some Germans for decades • 1933 label who is Jewish 1st degree v. 2nd degree • boycott Jewish stores – • If 2nd degree Jew-could be in army but not officer • Register guns & later came to collect them so couldn’t fight back. (2nd Amend argument today) • Hitler and the Nazi’s stirred the hatred –needed a scapegoat

  16. Jews were required to register with the state & have Stars of David on them at all times • Then, their economic activity was limited and then rights as citizens taken away = barred from certain jobs, no intermarriage, synagogues & Jewish businesses closed, pay fines.

  17. Then, Nazi’s isolated Jews in ghettos-after invasion of Poland, too many to contain so Ghettos until concentration camps could be built. (shut off from supplies & food) • Eventually, concentration camps

  18. “The Final Solution” - Extermination- Germany never publicized so NO resistance. Allied Govt heard rumors but couldn’t prove • Gas chambers, crematoriums

  19. 12 million people killed by the Nazis(Slavs, Gypsies, handicapped, homosexuals too) • 6 million were Jews • (between 1933-1939 1/2 million Jews escaped Europe to U.S. , Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Israel (Palestine) & China) (SHIP SENT BACK-ST.LOUIS FEAR OF GERMAN SPIES)(900)

  20. Shoes of victims Show WWII the end game (ipod) 11:10-19:16

  21. Defeating the JAPANESE in the Pacific

  22. Amphibious warfare – water to land invasions –“Island hopping”- SEIZING ISLANDS CLOSER & CLOSER TO JAPAN TO PREPARE FOR FULL INVASION, USING EACH CONQUERED AS BASE TO LAUNCH ATTACKS.

  23. . Aircraft carriers were crucial – so important that Japan didn’t get our carriers at Pearl Harbor (Yamamato knew it too)

  24. The Japanese were fierce defenders, thus, the “island to island” fighting in the Pacific was long, hard, and deadly Kamakazi, women jumping off cliffs, more hand to hand combat & guerilla style warfare

  25. U.S. Commanders in the Pacific Gen. Douglas MacArthur Commander of Army Admr. Chester Nimitz Commander of Navy

  26. Battle of Midway • Japan attempted to invade Midway (1,000 miles from Hawaii) (if Midway conquered then Hawaii could be invaded) • Nimitz intercepted message of Japan preparing for invasion (broken code) • U.S. attacked while Japanese Fleet preparing for invasion • Japan Caught off guard & lost 4 carriers, 1 cruiser & 322 planes • U.S. now on offensive & sea power edge over Japan (island hopping campaign begins to inch closer to Japan) • Japanese resort to suicide planes taking out U.S. ships (Kamikaze) • watch WW2 from Space 23:36-27:35

  27. Kamikazes –pilots sunk 47 allied vessels & damaged 300. 14-18% success rate • (show history channel) Show WW2 from Space 56:40-1:01.11 (kamakazi, suicide by civilians, island hopping campaign)

  28. U.S. Preparing for invasion of Japan / estimated loss of life w/ Japanese Kamikaze was @ 1 million deaths (Allies agreed on Unconditional Surrender of all Axis powers) & Japan refused to surrender if emperor was removed +Show WW2 from Space –why drop the bomb 1:15.16-1:20.28

  29. American scientists feared the Nazis would develop an atomic weapon 1939 world’s top physicists learned German scientists had split the uranium atom which released enormous energy so tells FDR) result: • The government began the largest, costliest military project in history - to build an atomic bomb first (skeptics until 1941 joined w/ GB scientists who were already working on bomb) • (Secret program) WW2 from Space 1:20.5-1:26 The Manhattan Project

  30. Manhattan Project • Under control of U.S. Army Corp of Engineers • Led by Robert Oppenhimer, Berkley Physicist (will be accused of being a spy) • 30 sites across the U.S. including Uranium enrichment Research Facility at Oak Ridge, TN (30 miles outside Knoxville)

  31. In July 1945, (about year after D-Day invasion) an atomic bomb was successfully detonated in the desert of New Mexico • 38:07 America story of us WWII -

  32. Fighting on the Pacific islands had been horrific(Iwo Jima 23,000 casualties & Okinawa 50,000) • Casualty estimates for taking Japan’s homeland were huge (1 million) (McArthur estimated– 10 years, no limit on casualties) • FDR died in office & Truman didn’t know of the project until becoming president. The Decision, Why?

  33. It was made on the basis of ending the war as soon as possible with the least amount of casualties

  34. August 6, 1945 at Hiroshima • - Vaporization area was half mile in diameter • - Total destruction area was one mile in diameter • - Within a diameter of two and a half miles, everything flammable burned • - 80,000 to 120,000 deaths (thousands more died later from burns & radiation) The Bombing “Little Boy”

  35. Hiroshima Before

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