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WWII

WWII. Ch. 35-36. Japanese invasion of Manchuria (1931) Led to Stimson Doctrine – US would not recognize Japanese territorial gains Nye Committee – April 12, 1934 Alleged the US entered the war to make profits for businesses. 1930s. Neutrality Acts – 1935-1937 Inspired by the Nye Committee

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WWII

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  1. WWII Ch. 35-36

  2. Japanese invasion of Manchuria (1931) • Led to Stimson Doctrine – US would not recognize Japanese territorial gains • Nye Committee – April 12, 1934 • Alleged the US entered the war to make profits for businesses 1930s

  3. Neutrality Acts – 1935-1937 • Inspired by the Nye Committee • US could not sell weapons to warring nations • Non-military goods could be sold via “cash and carry” • US couldn’t give loans to belligerent nations • Americans couldn’t travel on belligerent nations’ ships • Neutrality Act – 1939 • Result of Germany’s invasion of Poland • Designed to help Brit. And France • US could sell weapons to democracies via “cash and carry” • SEE COMING OF WAR HANDOUT Neutrality Acts (1930s)

  4. Lend-Lease Act – 1941 • Increases US’s involvement in war • US could lend supplies to countries as the pres. deems necessary • Atlantic Charter – 1941 • First wartime meeting between FDR and Churchill • Outlined goals for postwar • Self-determination • Lower trade barriers • Economic cooperation • AGAIN, SEE COMING OF WAR HANDOUT More important acts…

  5. Dec. 7, 1941 • Pearl Harbor, Hawaii attacked by Japan Pearl Harbor

  6. Selective Service Act • Men ages 18-65 had to register • War Productions Board • ½ of factory production went to war effort • Funding the war • Increased taxes • War bonds The Home Front

  7. Women in the military • WACs: Women’s Army Corps • WAVES: Women Appointed for Voluntary Emergency Service • Rosie the Riveter • Women moved to new communities to work in wartime industries WWII and Women

  8. Nearly 1 mil. African Americans served in segregated units • Tuskegee Airmen – first African American aviators in the army • Double V Campaign • Victory abroad and victory at home (civil rights) WWII and African Americans

  9. Navajo volunteers – “code talkers” • Japanese unable to break their language WWII and Native Americans

  10. Bracero Program • 1942 – need for farm labor led US gov’t to issue short-term work permits to Mexican workers • About 15,000 Braceros worked in agriculture and railroads • Zoot Suit Riots (L.A.) – 1943 • Young Mexican Americans were violently attacked by white sailors and marines • Riots broke out in East L.A. • 500 Mexican Americans arrested WWII and Mexican Americans

  11. Executive Order 9066 • Issued by FDR • Relocation of Japanese Americans on the West Coast to internment camps • Korematsu v. US (1944) • Supreme Court upheld internment camps • Significance – During times of war, individual rights decrease WWII and Japanese Americans

  12. Manhattan Project • Trinity Test • First explosion of atomic bomb • Hiroshima and Nagasaki – August 1945 • Why did US drop the bomb? (question often on AP Exam) • To save American lives/prevent a mainland invasion • Demonstrate power to the Soviet Union • Revenge for Pearl Harbor The Atomic Bomb

  13. Tehran Conference (1943) • First meeting of FDR, Churchill and Stalin • Stalin wanted control of Eastern Europe and a divided Germany • Churchill wanted free Eastern Europe • Yalta Conference (1945) • “Big Three” • Discuss plans for postwar Europe • Stalin agrees to free elections • Potsdam Conference (1945) • Demanded unconditional surrender of Japan Key Conferences of the War

  14. End of Great Depression • Post-war economic boom (1950s) • Demographic shift • “baby boom” • End of Isolation Impact of the War

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