1 / 18

Axilla and Brachial Plexus

Axilla and Brachial Plexus. Boundaries of Base of Axilla. Anterior: Pectoralis major muscle Posterior: Latissimus dorsi muscle Medial: Thoracic wall Lateral: Humerus. Boundaries of Apex of Axilla. Anterior: Clavicle Posterior: Superior border of the scapula Medial:

Jims
Download Presentation

Axilla and Brachial Plexus

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Axilla and Brachial Plexus

  2. Boundaries of Base of Axilla • Anterior: Pectoralis major muscle • Posterior: Latissimus dorsi muscle • Medial: Thoracic wall • Lateral: Humerus

  3. Boundaries of Apex of Axilla • Anterior: Clavicle • Posterior: Superior border of the scapula • Medial: First rib

  4. Contents of Axilla • Great vessels: Axillary vein and artery Cephalic vein and basilic vein Axillary lymph nodes • Nerves: Long thoracic nerve Cords of brachial plexus Proximal ends of terminal nerves of brachial plexus

  5. Origin of Brachial Plexus • Ventral rami of C5 – T1: Exit neck between scalenus anterior and scalenus medius muscles. Direct branches from rami: Dorsal scapular nerve C5 To rhomboid muscles Long thoracic nerve C5-7 To serratus anterior muscle

  6. Trunks of Brachial Plexus • Formed by ventral rami. • Located superior to clavicle above and behind subclavian artery. • Superior (upper) From C5 and C6 ventral rami

  7. Trunks of Brachial Plexus • Middle: From C7 ventral ramus • Inferior (lower): From C8 and T1 ventral rami

  8. Trunks of Brachial Plexus • Direct branches from trunks: From Superior Trunk: Suprascapular nerve C5,C6 To supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles Nerve to subclavius

  9. Divisions of Brachial Plexus • Anterior divisions: Carry fibers from trunks to anterior compartments of upper extremity. Form lateral and medial cords • Posterior Divisions: Carry fibers from trunks to posterior compartments of upper extremity. Form posterior cord.

  10. Cords of Brachial Plexus • Formed from divisions. • Accompany axillary artery.

  11. Cords of Brachial Plexus • Named for relationship to artery. Lateral: From anterior divisions of upper and middle trunks. Posterior: From posterior divisions of all trunks. Medial: From anterior divisions of lower trunk.

  12. Lateral Cord • Direct branches: Lateral pectoral nerve: C5-7 To clavicular head of pectoralis major muscle • Terminal nerves: Musculocutaneous: C5-7 Lateral root of median nerve: C5-7

  13. Medial Cord: Direct Branches • Medial pectoral nerve: C8-T1 To sternal head of pectoralis major muscle and pectoralis minor muscle. • Medial cutaneous nerve to arm (brachium) • Medial cutaneous nerve to forearm (antebrachium)

  14. Medial Cord: Terminal Nerves • Ulnar C8-T1 • Medial root of median nerve C8-T1

  15. Posterior Cord Direct Branches • Upper subscapular nerve: C5-6 To subscapularis muscle • Thoracodorsal nerve: C6-7 To latissimus dorsi muscle • Lower subscapular nerve: C5-6 To subscapularis and teres major muscles

  16. Posterior Cord Terminal Nerves • Axillary nerve: C5-6 Motor: To deltoid and teres minor muscles. Sensory: Skin on arm over deltoid muscle: Upper lateral cutaneous nerve

  17. Posterior Cord Terminal Nerves • Radial nerve: C5-T1 Motor: Posterior compartments of arm and forearm. Brachioradialis muscle Sensory: Back of arm, forearm, hand

More Related