Elements & Principles of Design

1. Elements & Principles of Design

2. Elements of Design The elements are components or parts which can be isolated and defined in any visual design or work of art. They are the structure of the work, and can carry a wide variety of messages. Line, Shape, Space, Color, Form, Texture, Value

3. Line • Line is the path of a moving point. Lines can be vertical, horizontal, diagonal, curved, angular, zigzag, bent, straight, interrupted, thick, thin, parallel, cross-hatched, or spiral. Lines can be implied, an outline showing the edge of something. Line, Shape, Space, Color, Form, Texture, Value

4. Shape • The two-dimensional are enclosed by an outline; height and width. Shape can be realistic, geometric, abstract, idealized, naturalistic, nonrepresentational, amorphous and biomorphic Line, Shape, Space, Color, Form, Texture, Value

5. Space • The distance or area between, around above, below, and within things. Negative spaces surround positive shapes. Artist create the illusion of a background, foreground, and middle ground. Line, Shape, Space, Color, Form, Texture, Value

6. Color • Hue • Primary colors • Secondary color • Tertiary colors • Complementary colors • Analogous colors • Intensity • Warm colors • Color colors • Neutrals • Tone • Tint • Shade • Monochromatic • Achromatic Analogous colors Complementary colors Line, Shape, Space, Color, Form, Texture, Value

7. Form • The three-dimensional height, width and depth. Forms can be cubes, spheres, pyramids, and cylinders. Flowing asymmetrical forms are free form or organic. Line, Shape, Space, Color, Form, Texture, Value

8. Texture • Real or actual texture • Implied or simulated texture: those that can be felt painted or drawn texture • Texture can be slick, smooth, rough, velvety, satiny, bumpy,… Line, Shape, Space, Color, Form, Texture, Value

9. Value • Differences in hue or neutral ranging from the light to the darkest, for example, white to black. Line, Shape, Space, Color, Form, Texture, Value

10. Principles of Design Principles of Design are the different ways the elements of art have been used in artwork. The elements of art are organized by artist to create a composition. Balance, Emphasis, Rhythm, Unity, Contrast, Movement

11. Balance • The equilibrium or stability of various elements may be arranged formal (symmetrical) or elements may be arranged informal (asymmetrical). Radial symmetry arranges elements from a central point. Balance, Emphasis, Rhythm, Unity, Contrast, Movement

12. Pattern • An overall interplay of repeated or corresponding parts

13. Emphasis • The center of interest or focal point, which may be the largest, brightest, or lightest subject. Balance, Emphasis, Rhythm, Unity, Contrast, Movement

14. Rhythm Regularrhythm Flowingrhythm Progressiverhythm • Rhythm is the repetition or alternation of elements, often with defined intervals between them. Rhythm can create a sense of movement, and can establish pattern and texture. Regular: • A regular rhythm occurs when the intervals between the elements, and often the elements themselves, are similar in size or length. • Flowing: A flowing rhythm gives a sense of movement, and is often more organic in nature. • Progressive: A progressive rhythm shows a sequence of forms through a progression of steps. Balance, Emphasis, Rhythm, Unity, Contrast, Movement

15. Unity • The harmony of all the visual elements in a composition. The feeling of completeness or wholeness of a balance and organized composition of the elements and principles. Balance, Emphasis, Rhythm, Unity, Contrast, Movement

16. Contrast • Contrast in art and design occurs when two related elements are different. The greater the difference the greater the contrast. Contrast adds variety to the total design and creates unity. It is what draws the viewer's eye into the painting and helps to guide the viewer around the art piece. Pos/neg,thick/thin lines,light/dark Balance, Emphasis, Rhythm, Unity, Contrast, Movement

17. Movement • When the elements are put together to have the illusion of movement and action. It invites the eye to go from one area to the next. Mobiles, video, film, and digital 3-D illustration have actual movement. Balance, Emphasis, Rhythm, Unity, Contrast, Movement

18. Line, Shape, Space, Color, Form, Texture, Value Elements & Principles of Design Balance, Emphasis, Rhythm, Unity, Contrast, Movement

19. Finished