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LeMay, Korea, and the ICBMs. Overview. General Curtis LeMay Korean Conflict US Intervention Air Power Results ICBMs Development Cuban Missile Crisis. “I don’t mind being called tough, since I find in this racket it’s the tough guys who lead the survivors.”.
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LeMay, Korea, and the ICBMs
Overview • General Curtis LeMay • Korean Conflict • US Intervention • Air Power • Results • ICBMs • Development • Cuban Missile Crisis
“I don’t mind being called tough, since I find in this racket it’s the tough guys who lead the survivors.” Colonel Curtis E. LeMay, USA: to Lieutenant General Ira Eaker in England in 1943
General Curtis LeMay • Navigator on B-17 as Lt in early airpower demonstration with ocean liner “Rex” in 1938 • Commanded units in Berlin Airlift • Commander in Chief, Strategic Air Command (CINCSAC) • Air Force Chief of Staff
LeMay’s Impact on the Air Force • More realistic training programs • Bottom line - Discipline • Procured personnel and aircraft • Bombers became airborne nuclear alert • Nuclear deterrence became a reality
Korean Conflict • National Security Council (NSC) directive 68 called for massive increase in defense spending to contain communism • Korea was the first test of American resolve
Beginning of Korean Conflict • 25 June 1950 North Korea launches a surprise attack invading South Korea • Congress approved use of force to repel North Korean invasion (no formal declaration of war) • UN Security Council authorizes aid (Gen Douglas McArthur named Commander)
Korean Conflict • UN forces saved at Pusan Perimeter by around the clock bombing & interdiction • McArthur launches surprise amphibious assault at Inchon • UN forces drive North Koreans back across 38th parallel and attempt to unify the country • China enters pushing the UN forces back
Air Power in Korean Conflict • First use of jet fighters on both sides • MiG-15 outperforms F-80 • MiG-15 retreats back to bases in China • Airspace south of Yalu known as “MiG Alley” • F-86 Sabre proves superior to the MiG-15 • Kill ratio of 10-to-1
Results of Korean Conflict • Counterland • Interdiction • Close-Air Support
Deterrence and Missile Development • Snark • Atlas, Titan • Minuteman becomes the mainstay of SAC’s missile retaliatory force • NORAD established in 1957 • Single Integrated Operational Plan for using nuclear weapons (SIOP)
Cuban Missile Crisis • U-2 Reconnaissance plane details Soviet missile launchers in Cuba • Missile force placed on alert status • President Kennedy chooses option of naval quarantine • Soviet Union backs down • “Flexible Response” doctrine evolves
Summary • General Curtis LeMay • Korean Conflict • US Intervention • Air Power • Results • ICBMs • Development • Cuban Missile Crisis