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Korea and Vietnam

Korea and Vietnam. Korea timeline. 1910: Japan annexed Korea 1945: Korea divided at the 38 th Parallel between US and USSR 1949: DPRK (Kim Il-Sun) and ROK ( Sygmund Rhee) formed

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Korea and Vietnam

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  1. Korea and Vietnam

  2. Korea timeline • 1910: Japan annexed Korea • 1945: Korea divided at the 38th Parallel between US and USSR • 1949: DPRK (Kim Il-Sun) and ROK (Sygmund Rhee) formed • 1950: North invades South. The UN authorizes use of force to repel the invasion (USSR had boycotted the Security Council since January and could’ve vetoed this. Oops.)

  3. MacArthur is fired • Douglas Macarthur is head of the UN forces (mostly US) • Advocates invading China and using nukes to end Communism there • Truman fires MacArthur for insubordination • MacArthur come homes a popular hero to anti-Communist conservatives

  4. The Armistice • After three years back and forth, both sides call for an armistice • Status quo ante bellum: • 38th Parallel is the border between DPRK and ROK • A DMZ is set up between the two nations • A peace treaty was never signed

  5. Vietnam timeline • 1940: Japan invaded French Indo-China • 1945: France gets it back. Ho Chi Minh declares independence from France, forms Vietminh • 1946-54: Indochine War begins. USSR supports NV, US supports SV (first “advisors”) • 1954: DienBeinPhu falls. France surrenders. Geneva Convention splits VN at 17th Parallel and promises elections.

  6. Into the quagmire… • 1955: SV (Diem) rigs the elections with some help (*cough* CIA): 5.7 our of 5.3 million people voted. • 1955: SEATO is formed • 1960: Vietcong formed (pro NV SVers) • 1960: JFK expands the number of “advisors” • 1963: Diem assassinated. SV’s government becomes unstable

  7. Escalation • 1964: Gulf of Tonkin incident- two US warships are “attacked” by NV gunboats at night. • Congress passes Gulf of Tonkin resolution. Allows President to: “to take all necessary steps, including the use of armed force, to assist any member […] of the SE Asia Collective Defense Treaty requesting assistance in defense of its freedom.“ 1965: 189,000 troops in SV 1967: 500,000 troops

  8. The War • 1968: Tet Offensive • NV invades the South during Lunar New Year and attacks US positions • Invade the US Embassy in Saigon • US pushes back but reality hits: NV is in it for real • Rolling Thunder and Agent Orange • “Living Room War” • American journalists send footage home from the war. Very little censorship. • LBJ: “If I’ve lost [Walter] Cronkite, I’ve lost Middle America.” (Feb/1968) • LBJ decides not to run for a second term

  9. The End… • 1968: Nixon wins the White House. Promises “vietnamization” • 1970: US invades Laos and Cambodia. Massive protests on college campuses occur (Kent State) • 1973: US and NV sign the Paris Peace Accords • 1975: NV invades SV. Saigon falls. Vietnam is united

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