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The Principles of Design

The Principles of Design. balance (symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial) emphasis (focal point) proportion and scale rhythm and repetition unity and variety. Balance. Absolute Symmetry : Leonardo da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man: Illustrations of the proportions of the Human Figure, 1485.

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The Principles of Design

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  1. The Principles of Design • balance (symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial) • emphasis (focal point) • proportion and scale • rhythm and repetition • unity and variety

  2. Balance Absolute Symmetry: Leonardo da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man: Illustrations of the proportions of the Human Figure, 1485

  3. Frank Gehry, Gehry house, 1977-1978, Los AngelesDiscontinuity – breaking the “rules” of design principles

  4. Bilateral Symmetrical Balance, Enguerrand Quarton, The Coronation of Mary, 1454

  5. Symmetrical BalanceJohannes Vermeer,Woman Holding a Balance, c. 1664Light and CompositionOrthogonal lines to the vanishing point meet precisely at the woman's finger.

  6. Asymmetrical balanceWilliam Merritt Chase, The Nursery, 1887

  7. radial balance Rose window, Chartres Cathedral, France

  8. Focal Point and EmphasisMarie-Louise-Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, Marie Antoinette With Her Children

  9. Emphasis and Focal PointJacques Louis David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784

  10. Focal Point and EmphasisLarry Poons, Orange Crush, 1963

  11. Diego VELAZQUEZ, Las Meninas, 1656, Oil on canvas, 10'5" x 9'1competing focal points of emphasisimplied lines of the gazes and focal points of light

  12. ScaleClaus Oldenburg, Trowel, 1971-76

  13. Scale and proportion

  14. Scale and proportionHokusai, The Great Wave off Kanagawa, from the series Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji, 1823-1829, color woodcut, 10 x 15 in.

  15. Doryphoros or "Canon", 450 BC.Polykleitos created this statue To support his published theoretical work "Canon" = "Rule", in which he was stating in mathematical terms the relationship of parts of the body with the whole, e.g. the proportion of finger with the palm, palm with wrist, wrist with elbow, elbow with arm. The proportion of the head with the body is one seventh (1/7).

  16. Postmodern disjunctionElizabeth Murray, Jazz, 2001, 3-D lithograph The glacier knocks in the cupboard, The desert sighs in the bed, And the crack in the tea-cup opens A lane to the land of the dead. W.H. Auden

  17. Rhythm and RepetitionRodin, Gates of Hell, 1900

  18. Claude Monet, The Railroad Bridge at Argenteuil, 1874

  19. Great Wall of Los Angeles, Judy Baca

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