USING TRIZ TO FIND FAULT WITH THE FUTURE World Future Society Philadelphia, PA July 21, 2002 Jack Hipple, Principal Inno

1. INNOVATION-TRIZ,INC. USING TRIZ TO FIND FAULT WITH THE FUTURE World Future Society Philadelphia, PA July 21, 2002 Jack Hipple, Principal Innovation-TRIZ, Inc. www.innovation-triz.com

2. OBJECTIVES • Briefly review the concepts of TRIZ • Ideality, resources, patterns of invention • Explain and demonstrate the use of “reverse” TRIZ thinking in forecasting and planning NOTE: All day workshop on TRIZ problem solving and forecasting on Tuesday at WFS

3. WHAT IS “TRIZ” ? A Russian acronym: Theoria Resheneyva Isobretatelskehuh Zadach (Theory of Solving Problems Inventively)

4. WHAT IS “TRIZ” ? • A way of thinking • A family of tools, thinking processes, and software The “way of thinking” can ALWAYS be used, but the tools in the tool kit can be selected depending the nature of the problem, time available, etc.

5. BASICS OF OTHER CREATIVITY TOOLS • Psychology more than science and technology • DeBono, Lateral Thinking/Six Hats™, Creative Problem Solving • Can discuss integration • Randomness • Brainstorming, picture, etc. stimulation • Can discuss integration • Highly dependent upon facilitation skills • Fine for simple problems and can be easily learned • Limited by knowledge in the room--TRIZ looks outside the knowledge and experience in the room in a systematic and structured way

6. THE HISTORY OF TRIZ • A discovery of a talented patent examiner for the Russian navy, Genrich Altshuller, 1950’s • Originated from the study of several hundred thousand of the world’s most inventive patents--now in the millions • He recognized that the development of technological systems follows predictable patterns that cut across ALL areas of technology--the speed of technical evolution can be accelerated • Also recognized that problem solving principles are also predictable and repeatable--anyone can invent! • Established schools to teach after a Stalin 7 yr. prison term--deceased in 1999 at age 71

7. BASIC CONCEPTS • Systems evolve toward IDEALITY irreversibly • Using RESOURCES within the system or easily convertible • Resolving CONTRADICTIONS as they evolve • PATTERNS OF INVENTIONS/OPERATORS are constantly recognized and used

8. PILL INSPECTION WORKSTATION Vibratory feed move pills around an internal spiral to top of vibratory bowl where the pills are discharge and slide down an incline plane onto a conveyor. As the pills go by, the inspectors identify and remove the damaged pills. Damaged Pills Conveyor Trash Can ® Ideation International

9. SYSTEM PROPOSAL AND CHALLENGE • Replace inspectors with a $200K video inspection system • High return project, but capital is not available • Boss says, that’s a great idea, but “Find another way!!”

10. GOOD PILLS/BAD PILLS • What is IDEALITY? • What are the RESOURCES we have?

11. PILL INSPECTION WORKSTATION Vibratory feed move pills around an internal spiral to top of vibratory bowl where the pills are discharge and slide down an incline plane onto a conveyor. As the pills go by, the inspectors identify and remove the damaged pills. Damaged Pills Conveyor Trash Can ® Ideation International

12. An Elegant Solution: The Pill Inspects Itself Change the escapement for the vibratory bowl so that the pills are ejected standing on their edge. Move the conveyor 3 inches. Pills that are round will roll at a velocity that allows them to jump to the conveyor. The pills that are chipped will slide or will roll at a lower velocity and fall into the trash. Resource: Velocity of the sliding or rolling pills Function (inspection of pills) is performed without the system (human inspectors or video inspection system). Trash Can ®Ideation International

13. RESOURCE CHECKLIST • Substances • Fields • Space • Time • Information • Functional

14. SOLVING A CONTACT LENSE PROBLEM • Space resources • from the perspective of a contact lense manufacturer • from the standpoint of a semi-conductor manufacturer

15. OTHER TRIZ TOOLS • Patterns of Invention for Forecasting • Algorithms and tables for problem solving, both technical and non-technical • Software products

16. TRIZ IN REVERSE: A NEW WAY OF THINKING ABOUT FUTURE ISSUES AND FORECASTING

17. Potential Failures Potential Cause REVERSE TRIZ • What failures/problems may occur? System • Why failures/problems did occur? Failures

18. COMBINES….. • The rigor of the TRIZ process, but in reverse • Proactive, rather than checklist, mental process

19. REVERSE TRIZ • Formulate original problem (the “ideal” final result) • Invert the original problem (the opposite of the ideal final result/ideality) • Amplify the inverted problem: reverse ideality • Search for information and resources • Hypothesis, tests, and correction

20. Real view Photo SMOKE-FREE TEST SHIP

21. Bulk storage Received by rail car and truck, unloaded by N2 pressure or pump Distribution to process Scrubber for containment Unloading with pressure transfer (T/C) and pump (T/T) Foam control in storage area HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL HANDLING SYSTEM

22. Unload Vent N2 Scrubber To Process

23. THE REVERSE TRIZ APPROACH • The problem: I want to prevent a leak • Invert the problem: I WANT to have a leak • Exaggerate/amplify the inverted problem: I WANT to have a CATASTROPHIC leak, causing MAJOR damage and public affairs impact • What RESOURCES do I need to have/cause a leak? ™afd is a trademark of Ideation International

24. RESOURCE CHECKLIST • Substances • Fields • Space • Time • Information • Functional

25. “REVERSE” TRIZ THIS WORKSHOP • I want to have a successful workshop • I want to have an unsuccessful workshop • I want to have the WORST workshop the WFS has ever hosted--no one ever comes again and WFS loses a ton of money! • How would I make sure this happened? • What resources do I need?

26. VS. OTHER PROCESSES • Compared to the HAZOP or FEMA checklist process, generates far more real possibilities, puts people in an aggressive mind set, and finds possibilities not otherwise found • Software supported • Larger knowledge base • Use inventive skills and thinking from traditional TRIZ problem-solving

27. USES • Failure prediction for projects and product designs • Failure prediction and/or analysis for technology developments • Failure prediction for technology adoption and commercialization • Failure prediction for management/organizational processes

28. EXAMPLES • How would I prevent this product from being successfully used? • How would I make sure that this new technology would never be adopted?

29. WALL STREET JOURNAL 03/29/1999 Ford to Recall 945,000 Cars, Trucks to Fix Cruise Control DEARBORN, Mich. - Ford Motor Co. is warning owners of 945,000 1998 and 1999 model cars and trucks not to use the cruise-control feature because of a potential defect that could cause the accelerator to stick open. The auto maker said it knows of no accidents related to the problem, which company engineers discovered during tests, a Ford spokeswoman said. The vehicles will be recalled and repaired at no cost to customers starting in May when Ford gets replacement parts, the spokeswoman said. In the meantime, customers may get the cruise-control mechanism disabled, the company said. The models affected are about 567,000 1998 and 1999 Explorer and Mountaineer sport-utility vehicles; about 166,000 1998 and 1999 Ranger pick-ups; 99,000 1998 and 1999 Mustangs; 88,000 1999 Super Duty F-Series trucks and about 25,000 1999 Super Duty F-Series stripped chassis. To alert owners to the problem, Ford is sending letters and directing customers to a Web site, www.recall.ford.com, where they can enter the vehicle identification number to learn if their caror truck is affected.

30. APPLICATION AT DIFFERENT LEVELS • The principles of TRIZ and “reverse” TRIZ can be applied at different system levels from a competitive standpoint • Need to understand what those levels are and how they might affect us • What are potential negative events and causes at DIFFERENT levels?

31. FOR EXAMPLE…..AIRLINE HIJACKING • Levels • The cockpit • The plane • The boarding area • The airport • The space around the airport • The atmosphere

32. FOR EACH LEVEL…. • What resources are available to deliberately cause the unwanted event?

33. TAKEAWAYS • Try the “reverse” TRIZ process (“how” vs. “what”) for some failure or forecasting problem you currently have • Substitute and compare this process with ANY checklist process currently used

34. RESOURCES • Web site, www.innovation-triz.com, monthly newsletter available • Annual Altshuller conference, Philadelphia, spring, 2003 • Introductory workshops, TRIZ in non-technical areas, how to implement, application presentations • Altshuller Institute, www.aitriz.org • TRIZ Journal, on line at www.triz-journal.com • Books • “And Suddenly the Inventor Appeared”, Altshuller, $40, Amazon.com • “TRIZ: The Right Solution at the Right Time”, Salamatov, $75, www.insytec.com, Amazon • “The Engineering of Creativity”, Savransky, CRC Press/Amazon • “Hands On Systematic Innovation”, Mann, www.creax.com