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Presented by: Rasheed Ali Cromwell, Esq. Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc .

Presented by: Rasheed Ali Cromwell, Esq. Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc . © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. © 2009 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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Presented by: Rasheed Ali Cromwell, Esq. Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc .

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  1. Presented by: Rasheed Ali Cromwell, Esq. Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc.

  2. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  3. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  4. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  5. © 2009 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  6. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  7. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  8. © 2009 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED S

  9. LINES in 1992-1993 Summer 92 –Death Row (Alphas – Wisconsin) Spring 92 K.S. Death Row –(Kappas – Illinois) Spring 92 Deathrow 19-1 – (Omegas - Louisiana) Spring 92 Criminal Minded –(Sigmas – North Carolina) 
Spring 93 –Death Row – (Iotas – Ohio)

  10. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  11. The Results 3 “Divine Nine” hazing related deaths (1930*-1990) 5 “Divine Nine” hazing related deaths (1990-2010) © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Brown, T., Parks, G. (2006). African American Fraternities and Sororities: The Legacy and Vision. University of Kentucky Press.

  12. A History of Violence Violence is ubiquitous in American mass media. An average American youth will witness 200,000 violent episodes on television alone before age 18.6 American Psychological Association Commission on Violence and Youth. Violence and youth: psychology’s response, Volume 1: Summary report of the American Psychological Association Commission on Violence and Youth, Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 1993.

  13. A History of Violence 75% of violent acts are committed without remorse, criticism, or penalty; 41% are associated with humor; 38% are committed by attractive perpetrators; 58% involve victims who show no pain This inappropriate presentation of violence leads to inappropriate expectations of youth with regard to true violence. In particular, three major attitudes are learned: aggression, desensitization, and victimization.8 Federman J. National television violence study I, II, and III. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1996-1998 .

  14. The Results 3 “Divine Nine” hazing related deaths (1930*-1990) 5 “Divine Nine” hazing related deaths (1990-2010) © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Brown, T., Parks, G. (2006). African American Fraternities and Sororities: The Legacy and Vision. University of Kentucky Press.

  15. The Evolution of the “Divine Nine” Snapshot #3: Reorganization/Refocus (1990 -2010) • New member initiation changes from a pledge process to a membership intake process • Pop Culture heavily influences Divine Nine • Generation desensitized to violence © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  16. © 2008 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  17. Brunson, J. Frat and Soror: The African Origin of Fraternities and Sororities, 1993

  18. The Evolution of the “Divine Nine” Snapshot #2: Development/Expansion (1930 -1989) • African Americans participate in military obligations, return to college and influence African cultural traditions and customs in organizations © 2008 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  19. Universal Principles of …

  20. “In the autumn of my sophomore year, December 1932, I was initiated (Alpha Phi Alpha). In my junior year I was elected president of the Fisk chapter and, with the assistance of the interfraternity council, immediately launched a drive to eliminate hazing and reduce an intense rivalry among the fraternities and sororities. The drive was not altogether successful, but the harshest and bitterest feelings were considerably reduced.” Franklin, John Hope, Mirror to America, pg. 46, 2005.

  21. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Foster, T. (1993). “Senufo Masking and the Art of Poro.” African Arts(Vol. 26, Number 1). …seven-year-long initiation…

  22. The Evolution of the “Divine Nine” Snapshot #1: Inception/Formation (1904 -1930) • African cultural traditions, customs and symbolism infused into organizations © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  23. © 2009 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  24. What Our Founders IntendedWhy the Tradition Must Continue on Campus… “While NPHC affiliate organizations recognize the social aspect of Greek college life, the primary purpose and focus of member organizations remains community awareness and action through educational, economic, and cultural service activities.” http://www.nphchq.org/about.htm The NPHC logo is the sole property of National Pan Hellenic Council Inc. and is used, in this manner, for educational purposes only. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  25. National Programs Z-Hope Program The Heart of ESP: An Extraordinary Service Program Alpha Kappa Alpha Zeta Phi Beta © 2009 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Thika Memorial Medical Center in Nairobi, Kenya Project Africare Delta Sigma Theta Sigma Gamma Rho African-American Sororities

  26. What Next? –Key #1– Refocus • Members and Non-Members • What is your Legacy? • Challenge Your Beliefs/Behavior • -Reposition Yourself © 2008 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  27. Risk v. Respect • As an individual • (Spiritually, Physically, Emotionally) • 2. As a student (Academically) • 3. As a potential member/member of Divine Nine • 4. As a citizen of your state (Civil) • 5. As a citizen of your state (Criminal) © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  28. Be Yourself/Find Your Purpose Achieve Academic Success Actively Participate in a variety of Educational Programs/Activities What Next?Key #2 – Recommit

  29. What Next? –Key #3 – Live To Learn • Be Open to Continual Learning • Purposefully Network • Research Organizations © 2008 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  30. Ross, L. (2000).The divine nine: The history of African-American fraternities and sororities.New York: Kensington Books. Kimbrough, W. M. (2003). Black Greek 101: The culture, customs, and challenges of Black fraternities and sororities. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickson University Press. Jones, R.L. (2004). Black haze: Violence, Sacrifice, and Manhood in Black Greek-letter fraternities. Albany, NY: SUNY Press. Brown, T.L., Parks, G.S., & Phillips, C.M. (Eds.). (2005). African-American fraternities and sororities: The legacy and the vision.Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky.

  31. © 2010 The Harbor Institute ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  32. Questions or Comments? Please contact me! Rasheed Ali Cromwell, Esq. sheedali@yahoo.com 2020 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW #550 Washington, DC 20006 Twitter – @sheedyali Facebook – The Harbor Institute

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