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Medieval Europe (500 – 1500)

Medieval Europe (500 – 1500). The Middle Ages or Medieval Europe is the 1,000 year period after the fall of Rome and before the Renaissance. I. Geography :. Europe is on the western end of Eurasia. B. Natural Resources: Dense forests Fertile soil Rich minerals Seas. II. Causes.

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Medieval Europe (500 – 1500)

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  1. Medieval Europe(500 – 1500)

  2. The Middle Ages orMedieval Europeis the 1,000 year period after the fall of Rome and before the Renaissance.

  3. I. Geography: • Europe is on the western end of Eurasia.

  4. B. Natural Resources: • Dense forests • Fertile soil • Rich minerals • Seas

  5. II. Causes Tribal Warfare No central gov’t Dark Ages in W. Europe Fall of Rome Money is not used Literacy declined Greek & Roman learning forgotten

  6. III. Germanic Tribes A. Farmers and herders 1. No written laws 2. Created small kingdoms

  7. Not these Franks!

  8. Gaul B. The Franks- mostpowerful in Gaul (France)

  9. 1. Clovis • 1stKing of the Franks • Allied (supported) with the Roman Catholic Church

  10. 2. The Battle of Tours - In 732 CE, the Franks defeated the Muslims in Spain. DON’T WRITE THIS This could have changed European history! Christians did not want Islam to spread into Europe, even though they learned science and math from Arab Muslims.

  11. C. Charlemagne (Charles the Great) • 800 CE- king of the Franks 2. Pope Leo III named him Roman Emperor

  12. 3. Legacy • Blended and spread Christian, Roman and German culture • Efficient gov’t (bureaucracy)

  13. Set up schools

  14. Don’t write this! Curriculums, or formal courses of study, included reading, grammar, math, music, and astronomy.

  15. Don’t write this! Peace Out, Charlemagne! When Charlemagne died in 814, his empire fell apart as his heirs fought over it.

  16. 4. The Treaty of Verdun divided the empire.

  17. 5. This became the Holy Roman Empire.

  18. Feudal Hierarchy

  19. Draw this in your notes! (the best you can)

  20. Feudalism- A political system that exchanges land for military service. DON’T WRITE THIS! • Lords gradually became more powerful than kings as they acquired more land.

  21. I. Feudalism (Political) King or lord Was required to give a fief (land) Vassal Was required to give loyalty & military service

  22. Kings and Lords were at the top of the social hierarchy. II. Social

  23. Knights- mounted warriors • Chivalry- code of conduct for knights • be brave, loyal, polite

  24. By the 1100’s, fighting declined so lords held tournaments (fake battles) to entertain people.

  25. Serfs- peasants who worked the lord’s land • They couldn’t leave without permission • They paid for the lord’s protection in food and labor (no $$).

  26. DON’T WRITE THIS! • Role of Women • Noblewomen managed the household and were in change when men were away. • Rights: • Received a limited inheritance • Arranged marriages, expected to have many kids • Few knew how to read and write • Chivalry raised women to a new status. They were protected and cherished.

  27. III. Economic Manorialism- an economy where land, not money, is the basis of wealth

  28. Manor- the lord’s estate including the town, peasant houses, church, and fields - It was self-sufficient, which slowed trade

  29. Three-field system- two fields planted, one left fallow (empty) to regain fertility

  30. Remember Europe was isolated BUT, there were advanced civilizations in the Middle East, South Asia, and China!

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