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1 The First Americans Prehistory to 1492

1 The First Americans Prehistory to 1492. Early People. Early Human Migrations. 1 st Migration, 38,000-1800 BCE 2 nd Migration, c. 10,000-4,000 BCE 3 rd Migration, c. 8,000-3,000 BCE. CULTURE AREAS OF NATIVE AMERICANS. Culture area. How did Natives Arrive?.

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1 The First Americans Prehistory to 1492

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  1. 1 The First AmericansPrehistory to 1492

  2. Early People

  3. Early Human Migrations 1st Migration, 38,000-1800 BCE 2nd Migration, c. 10,000-4,000 BCE 3rd Migration, c. 8,000-3,000 BCE

  4. CULTURE AREAS OF NATIVE AMERICANS Culture area

  5. How did Natives Arrive? Ice Bridge Over the Bearing Strait: Some Native Americans came from a land that later sank into the sea called Beringia during the last ice age\ • Beringia now lies under the Bering Strait. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EBknU7D1OI

  6. Possible Prehistoric Migration Through North America

  7. Hunting for Food

  8. Settling Down • Eventually the hunter-gatherers settled down to grown maize (corn) • This allowed for the development of specialized workers and villiages

  9. The Growth of Cultures • With the free time from specialized workers culture began to develop • Religion, art, language, and social hierarchy are all part of culture

  10. Central and South American Societies

  11. Olmec • First major civilization in Mexico and Guatemala • They had a large trade network between 1200 and 400 BCE • Famous for their large stone monuments, pavement, and drainage systems • Most likely declined due to climate change

  12. Olmec

  13. The Maya • One of the longest lasting and most powerful civilizations in the world lasting from 2000 BCE to 1697 CE • Famous for its monuments, calendar, understanding of astronomy, and Mathematics • Was a theocracy ruled by priests • By 900 CE had faded from power due to climate change

  14. Chichen Itza

  15. The Aztec • The Aztec Empire was founded in 1372 as a military empire, • It was a powerful union of city-states that ruled the region for 200 years. • In the end it fell to Spanish invaders due to disease, and the Cortez’ ability to turn the union against itself.

  16. The Inca • The Incan Empire was founded around 1200 CE and stretched 3000 miles down the Andes Mountains • The Inca were famous for their road system, tax system, and terrace farming • They will be conquered by the Spanish in the mid 1500’s

  17. Machu Picchu

  18. Incan Empire

  19. North American People

  20. Hohokam • A major civilization in the southwest from 300 BCE to 1200 CE • Developed irrigation and adobe buildings • The civilization failed because of increasing desertification

  21. The Anasazi • In the same area as the Hohokam, the Anasazi perfected pueblo building • Had the largest cliff dwellings in the world with thousands of inhabitants • Also declined due to drought and desertification

  22. The Mound Builders • 1000 BCE to 900 CE stretched from great lakes to Florida • They were a group of cultures that built large mounds shaped like animals for religious reasons • Very little is known other than they had a massive trade empire

  23. Cahokia • The largest settlement of the Mississipian Mound Builders was built between A.D. 900 and A.D. 1200 and had 30,000 or more residents. • The largest mound of 100 Feet High, when built, it was probably the highest structure north of Mexico. • No one knows why it was abandoned around 1300

  24. Iroquois Nation • The Federation was a single government that linked the different groups • Iroquois League was made up of 5 tribes • Women could hold positions of power • League Council were 50 men that represented their tribes

  25. 1 Native American Cultures What does this map tell us?

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