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The new employability ‘imperative’ and its impact on professional identities in Higher Education Careers Work. Gill Frigerio Career Studies Unit Centre for Lifelong Learning University of Warwick. Overview Introduction – my position and perspectives Employability – a developing imperative?
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The new employability ‘imperative’ and its impact on professional identities in Higher Education Careers Work Gill Frigerio Career Studies Unit Centre for Lifelong Learning University of Warwick
Overview • Introduction – my position and perspectives • Employability – a developing imperative? • But what is employability? • What has employability meant for Higher Education Careers Services? • Professional roles in HE Careers Services • New roles • Careers advisers • Placement officers • Professionalising strategies • Discussion
Employability – a developing imperative? • Evolving language: enterprise ....transferable skills....employability • ‘Employability’ performance indicators • ‘Destination’ as the dominant performance indicator: league tables and ‘key information sets’ • Work experience - proven positive impact on destination (Little et al, 2006) • Introduction of new funding regime in 2012 = Universities clarifying their ‘unique selling point’: • The (insert University name here) Advantage!
But what is Employability? • Employability as employment outcome • Employability as a learning process • Employability as a set of learning outcomes (Yorke,2006) • Employability as potential to obtain and retain desired employment (employability = the individual) • Realised Employability (employability = the context) • with an explicit policy focus on the supply-side of the labour market, [it] is more likely to be associated with placing responsibility for a lack of employability on the individual” (Wilton, 2011, p4)
The Individual and Employability • Students making sense of their own position in the labour market • Developing a multitude of individualised ‘narratives of employability’ • Importance of the ‘economy of experience’ • Lots of ‘sideways glance’ comparisons
What has employability meant for Higher Education Careers Services? • Strengthened or weakened? • Growth of curriculum model (Foskett & Johnson, 2006) • ‘Break out’ or ‘break up’ (Watts & Butcher, 2008) • Warwick example – Centre for Student Careers and Skills: reach, type, engaging academic departments • Whither guidance? • “No institution will be able to fund significant one-to-one guidance going forward” Anne-Marie Martin, President, AGCAS
Professional roles in HE Careers Services • New roles: increasing recognition for information and employer liaison staff, managers without a guidance background, employability advisers, student engagement officers, awards scheme coordinators • Careers advisers: A ‘caring’ profession? • Helper? Educator? Change agent? Interfacer? • Placement officers: from administrator to educator • Departmental? or central?
Professionalising strategies • Career development learning – subject benchmark • Practitioner engagement with research • ‘Management of Student Work Experience’ qualification • Professionalising from within or from above (Evetts, 2011) • Capitalising on the imperative = professionalisation from above • Collective professional dialogue = client-centred common ground
References • Evetts, J (2011) Professionalism in Turbulent Times: challenges to and opportunities for professionalism as an occupational value, NICEC Seminar, 21 March 2011 • Foskett, R. and Johnson, B. (2006), Curriculum Development and Career Decision-Making in Higher Education: Credit-Bearing Careers Education, Higher Education Careers Service Unit, Manchester, p.19 • Little B et al (2006) Employability and work-based learning York: The Higher Education Academy • Tomlinson, M. (2007), Graduate Employability and Student Attitudes and Orientations to the Labour Market’, Journal of Education and Work, Vol 20, No 4. pp. 285-304 • Watts, T and Butcher, V (2008) Break out or Break-Up? Implication of Institutional Employability Strategies on the Role and Structure of University Careers Services, Cambridge, NICEC/ Manchester, HECSU • Wilton, N (2011) The Shifting Sands of Employability in CESR Review, Jan 2011 pp 2-5 • Yorke, M (2006) Employability in higher education: what it is – and what it is not, York: The Higher Education Academy