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LRP2010 - WG5 Fundamental Interactions

LRP2010 - WG5 Fundamental Interactions. Town Meeting Madrid, June 1 - 3, 2010. Nathal Severijns ( K.U.Leuven) for WG5. WG5 members R. Calabrese (Italy) G. Drexlin (Germany) D. Horvath (Hungary) K. Kirch (Switzerland) K. Pachucki (Poland) F. Piquemal (France)

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LRP2010 - WG5 Fundamental Interactions

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  1. LRP2010 - WG5 Fundamental Interactions Town Meeting Madrid, June 1 - 3, 2010 Nathal Severijns (K.U.Leuven) for WG5 WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  2. WG5 members R. Calabrese (Italy) G. Drexlin (Germany) D. Horvath (Hungary) K. Kirch (Switzerland) K. Pachucki (Poland) F. Piquemal (France) S. Schoenert (Germany) N. Severijns (Belgium) R. Timmermans (The Netherlands) C. Volpe (France) C. Weinheimer (Germany) O. Zimmer (France) K. Jungmann (The Netherlands) E. Widmann (Austria) thanks to colleagues who contributed as non-WG5 member WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  3. particles symmetries interactions WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  4. Key questions - Which fundamental symmetries are conserved in nature? • What is the origin of the matter dominance in the universe? - Are there new sources of CP violation? - What are the properties of antimatter? - What are the properties of the neutrino? - Are there otherforces than the four known ones? - Are there new particles and what is their role in the universe? - What are the precise values of the fundamental constants? WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  5. Key issues 1. Fundamental Fermions - Neutrino oscillations and the neutrino mixing matrix - Neutrino masses (direct measurements and double beta decay exps.) - Quark mixing matrix and unitarity - New (time reversal invariant) interactions in nuclear and muon β-decays 2. Discrete symmetries - Parity violation - Time reversal and CP violation in the quark sector (e.g. EDM’s) - CPT and Lorentz invariance 3 Properties of known basic interactions - QED and fundamental constants (e.g. g-2, α, anti-H, H-like ions, … ) - QCD (exotic atoms) - Gravity (e.g. matter vs. antimatter behavior, … ) WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  6. Future directions - overview 1. Fundamental Symmetries - Time reversal and CP violation - Parity non-conservation in atoms and ions - CPT conservation and Lorentz invariance 2. Neutrinos - Nature and mass of neutrinos - Neutrino mixing parameters and the CP violating phases 3. Electroweak interactions - Precision measurements in beta decay - Precise QED studies within the Standard Model Recommendations - overview 1. Support of small-sized laboratory and university groups 2. Support for and from theory 3. Facilities WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  7. 1. Fundamental symmetries a. Time reversal and CP violation in the quark sector e.g. permanent EDM‘s matter – anti-matter asymmetry a nonzero particle EDM violates P, T and, assuming CPT conservation, also CP investigate different systems, providing complementary information on different sources of CP violation  • for p, d EDM exps. good • prospects with ring • (e.g. plans for COSY) • R- and D-corr. in  decay • (nTRV @ PSI) some current EDM constraints : WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  8. 1. Fundamental symmetries b. Parity non-conservation in atoms and ions e.g. APV: test of the SM through measurements of the Weinberg angle • Future measurements: • - trapped atoms and ions with • enhanced APV effect, in casu • Fr, Ba+, Ra+ • - measurements on series of isotopes APV is complementary to parity-violating electron scattering (APVin graph) for determining effective weak couplings of quarks and search for new physics beyond SM Note: experiments at low energy very clean since radiative corrections are minimal WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  9. 1. Fundamental symmetries c. CPT conservation and Lorentz invariance CPT: e.g. spectroscopy of - antiprotonic atoms (pbar-p, pbar-He) (AD-CERN) - antihydrogen (i.e. e+-pbar atom) AD-CERN Need for future facilities: ELENA, FLAIR Lorentz violation: test frame dependence of observables close interaction with theorists is essential WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  10. 2. Neutrino masses, oscillations and mixing matrix Neutrino masses  hierarchy  Dirac or Majorana particle ?? - direct measurements: KATRIN spectrometer, sensitivity = 0.2 eV MARE calorimeters, phase-II sensit. = 0.2 eV - 0 decay: CUORE (130Te), SuperNEMO (150Nd or 82Se), GERDA (76Ge): sensitivity ≈ 0.05 – 0.3 eV needs: - enrichment of isotopes - experiments to support matrix elements calculations WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  11. 2. Neutrino masses, oscillations and mixing matrix flavor eigenstates mass eigenstates  atmospheric reactor solar Neutrino mixing matrix: oscillation experiments (e.g. Double Chooz)  determine size of 13 if 13 large  search for CP violation in lepton sector (phase )  superbeams, neutrino factories, beta-beams (esp. if 13 < 0.02) WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  12. 3. Electroweak interactions a. Precision measurements in  decay A. CKM quark mixing matrix stronglimits on physics beyond Standard Model e.g. - scalar currents - right-handed crts. (masses,  decays theory, …) from K decays   0.99995(61) Future: - improve precision (spectroscopy, mass measurements) - neutron lifetime issue ! - new transitions (e.g. superallowed, T = 1/2 mirror) WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  13.  J B. Correlation measurements in  decay search for non-SM weak interactions: - S & T currents - new V, A interactions (e.g. V+A) - neutron decay a, A, B, R, … correlations with aSPECT, PERKEO, nTRV, … reliable value for lifetime n needed ! n = 885.7(8) s An PERKEO n = 878.5(8) s WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  14. B. Correlation measurements in  decay - nuclear beta decay a, A, … correlations - particle traps (@ GANIL, ISOLDE, KVI, … ) - simulation codes - needs for field - higher yields (nuclei & UCN) - polarized samples in traps ( tensor, right-handed currents, …) - precise determination of nuclear polarization - improved simulation codes - long beam times WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  15. 3. Electroweak interactions b. Precise QED studies within the SM Accurate QED predictions required for improved determinations of fundamental constants (e.g. α, me, …) Precisions @ 10-13 level reached - g-2 measurements: electron  α muon  test standard model • light hydrogenic ions, muonic & pionic hydrogen, … • e.g. me from L/ cfor C5+ • light few-body atoms: He, Li, pbar-He, … • highly charged ions • e.g. QED in strong E-fields, magnetic moments, … • many-electron atoms • theory: electron correlations, … WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  16. QCD and Gravitaiton QCD - pionic atoms (e.g. DIRAC exp, PSI) • kaonic atoms & kaonic nuclear bound states • e.g. SIDDHARTA, AMADEUS, AD, FLAIR • pbar-atoms (ELENA@AD, FLAIR) Gravitation • gravitational interaction of antimatter • e.g. gravitational mass of anti-H with AEGIS@AD • searches for non-Newtonian gravity • e.g. test law of gravity at small distances (GRANIT, qBounce, ..) WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  17. Future directions - overview 1. Fundamental Symmetries - Time reversal and CP violation - Parity non-conservation in atoms and ions - CPT conservation and Lorentz invariance 2. Neutrinos - Nature and mass of neutrinos - Neutrino mixing parameters and the CP violating phases 3. Electroweak interactions - Precision measurements in beta decay - Precise QED studies within the Standard Model Recommendations - overview 1. Support of small-sized laboratory and university groups 2. Support for and from theory 3. Facilities WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  18. Recommendations - 1 - training of young people - development of new techniques - detectors - to improve/extend possibilities of traps • Support of small-sized laboratories and university groups • Support for theory andfrom theory • Facilities 1. for precise QED studies with low-energy antiprotons ELENA @ CERN, later FLAIR@GSI 2. underground laboratories (upgrades / new ones) 3. upgraded and new facilities WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  19. Recommendations - 2 • Support of small-sized laboratories and university groups • Support for and from theory • Facilities 1. for precise QED studies with low-energy antiprotons 2. underground laboratories 3. upgraded and new facilities (time-ordered approach) nuclei - HIE-ISOLDE - SPIRAL2 (DESIR) - EURISOL neutrons - UCN source @ FRM-II - European Spallation Source anti-p - modules 4 & 5 of FAIR (for QED & antiproton research) • regular access to beams & long continuous beam time periods: • nuclei: ISOL@MYRRHA • neutrons: high-intensity neutron sources • QED: sources of coherent short-wavelength e.m. radiation WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  20. The MYRRHA concept (SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium)www.sckcen.be/myrrha/ Sub-critical reactor Accelerator (600 MeV proton, 4 mA) ADS “Accelerator Driven System” Spallation source ( proton  neutron ) Neutron multiplier Flexible irradiation facility Fast neutron source Waste transmutation Material testing others: RI, NTD-Si,... Lead-Bismuth coolant http://www.sckcen.be/myrrha/

  21. Future directions WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  22. WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  23. WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  24. Recommendations WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

  25. WG5 - N. Severijns - Town Meeting, Madrid, May 31 - June 2, 2010

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