Building a Future of Quality A Happy People, A Happy City of Ilorin

1. RAPID Building a Future of Quality A Happy People, A Happy City of Ilorin

2. Urbanization in Nigeria Ilorin Population Dynamics Population and Development: The Crucial Links What Can We Do?

3. Urbanization in Nigeria Photo by Ryan Paetzold

4. Nigeria Urban/Rural Population After 2010, Nigeria became more urban than rural Urban Population Rural Population • World Population Prospects 2009

5. Nigeria has a Vision for Urban Development The National Urban Development Policy calls for: • Providing adequate shelter for all • Poverty reduction and economic empowerment • Ensuring environmental sustainability • Good governance and development • “The Urbanization process is irreversible in Nigeria and must • therefore be turned into opportunities for growth” • Permanent Secretary, Federal Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Nigeria • 2005 presentation

6. One of the key challenges in policy implementation of the urbanization plan is the rapid growth in the population of cities.This creates a situation where the government is unable to:- Maintain and expand infrastructure- Provide adequate, high quality social services- Create an environment that is conducive to economic development However, there are challenges with policy implementation which is resulting in poor quality of life for city residents, especially among the urban poor. • Photo by Bonnie NURHI

7. Ilorin’s Population Dynamics Photo by Bonnie NURHI

8. Let’s Focus on 5 Urban Areas • Ilorin East • Ilorin South • Ilorin West • Irepodun • Offa

9. Current Situation of Ilorin 1.1 million total population of the 5 LGAs On average, each woman has more than 4 children 27% of married women use a modern method of family planning Almost 400 maternal deaths per year • NURHI/MLE Baseline Report 2010

10. Ilorin Population Structure 2011 Population of Ilorin, projected using the 2006 census • Ilorin has a young population • There are more people in the • non-working ages (younger • than 15 yrs and those 65 yrs and over) than people in the • working ages (15-64 yrs) Male Female 42% of population is under age 15 10

11. Population & Development Photo by lisago

12. Population and Economic Development are Linked A much larger working age population compared to the population in young dependent ages was a key factor in the Asian development miracle. • As families became smaller, dependency declined even more. • Greater emphasis on population quality than quantity meant increased investments by the state • More and better educational opportunities emerged • Greater productivity • Investment in modern agriculture • RAPID: Computer Programs for Examining the Socioeconomic Impacts of Population Growth Photo by Shiraz Chakera

13. A key component to the success of Asian tigers: investment in family planning Increased investments in family planning programs and services Improved access and increased use of modern contraceptives Contributed to improved quality of life and escalated economic development Asian tigers Photo by Bonnie NURHI

14. Modern Contraceptive Use Percentage of Women using Modern Contraceptives • NURHI/MLE Baseline Report 2010 and DHS Surveys

15. Couples in Ilorin want to Plan their Births • Only 1 in 5 married women want a child in the next 2 years • Only 1 in 6 married men want a child in the next 2 years • 20% of married men and women do not want any additional children • More than half of married women say it would be a “big problem” if they were to become pregnant in the next few weeks • NURHI/MLE Baseline Report 2010

16. Ilorin has an opportunity to improve the quality of life of its population 2 Potential Futures: Scenario 1: Maintain Current Trends: What if things continued as they are now? Scenario 2: Investment in Family Planning: What will happen if there is an investment in family planning and unmet need is met?

17. Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (NURHI) is a Project that is Supporting Quality Family Planning in 4 Nigerian Cities: • Ilorin • Abuja FCT • Ibadan • Kaduna • NURHI aims • to increase modern family planning use by • 20 percentage points in each city by providing high quality services that couples can access. Photo by Shiraz Chakera

18. Population Projection Scenarios Projected Total Populations in 5 Ilorin LGAs Ilorin Base Projection Ilorin NURHI Projection

19. Photo by Bonnie NURHI Photo by Bonnie NURHI Health Education Economy Infrastructure Photo by Bonnie NURHI Photo by The Gates Foundation

20. “All stakeholders need to appreciate the linkages of population factors with broader development issues like housing, education, health, agriculture, energy, environment, gender concerns, food security and the security of life and property.” • Nigeria National Policy on Population for Sustainable Development : January 2004

21. Health Photo by Bonnie NURHI

22. “The key challenges to reducing infant mortality include population, declining resources and wide geographic variations.” Major challenges to reducing maternal mortality include “a dearth of skilled personnel and a shortage of family planning facilities”. • Nigeria Millennium Development Goals: Report 2010

23. Family Planning Reduces Risky Births Family Planning Acts by Reducing Births in the Following Categories, Called the 4 Too’s: • Too young: women who give birth before age 18 • Too old: women who give birth after age 35 • Too many: more than 5 births • Too close: births spaced less than 24 months

24. Risky Births Percentage of births with any risk factor

25. Number of Maternal Deaths Averted 2,530 Maternal Deaths Averted 2011–2035 228 Maternal Deaths Averted 2011–2015 Ilorin Base Projection 363 Ilorin NURHI Projection

26. Under 5 Deaths Averted 2,920 Under 5 Deaths Averted 2011–2015 37,767 Under 5 Averted 2011–2035 Ilorin Base Projection 6,775 Ilorin NURHI Projection 4,873

27. Infant Mortality Rate Infant Deaths Averted: 1,867 between 2011-2015 18,133 between 2011-2035

28. Health Benefits of Investing in Family Planning Reduction in the number of maternal, infant, and child deaths Increase life expectancy Freed resources that can be invested in strategies to improve quality and access to essential health services Reduction in the strain on health staff and infrastructure • NURHI/MLE Baseline Report 2010

29. Education Photo by The Gates Foundation

30. Primary School Aged Children Children aged 6–11 years old Ilorin Base Projection Ilorin NURHI Projection

31. Primary Teachers Required WHO standard of 1 teacher to 25 pupils Ilorin Base Projection Ilorin NURHI Projection • Teacher/Student Ratio of 30:1

32. Quality of Primary Teachers • National Bureau of Statistics: Social Statistics in Nigeria 2009 • Ilorin needs to increase the number of teachers that are qualified.

33. National Universal Basic Education Act Current policy goes beyond universal primary education and has set a target of universal basic education. • National Universal Basic Education Act

34. Basic Education Aged Children Primary and Junior Secondary (Ages 6–15) Ilorin Base Projection Ilorin NURHI Projection

35. Education Benefits of Investing in Family Planning Reduction in the strain on teachers and infrastructure Freed up resources that can be invested in strategies to improve the quality of education and prepare the next generation to participate in the global economy Assist in meeting the goal of universal basic education • NURHI/MLE Baseline Report 2010

36. Infrastructure Photo by Bonnie NURHI

37. Housing Requirements Average household size of 3.8 people Ilorin Base Projection Ilorin NURHI Projection • Average Household Size from MLE Baseline 2011

38. Solid Waste Generation Annual Production of Waste (in kilograms) Ilorin Base Projection Ilorin NURHI Projection Photos by: Bonnie NURHI • Source: Babayemi et al., 2009

39. Infrastructure Benefits of Investing in Family Planning Reduction in the strain on housing requirements Likely reduction in the percentage of people living in slums or other forms of temporary housing Reduction in the amount of trash that is generated which will improve the sanitation condition of the city • NURHI/MLE Baseline Report 2010

40. Economy Photo by Bonnie NURHI

41. Number of New Jobs Needed for People Entering the Workforce Ilorin Base Projection Ilorin NURHI Projection • MLE Baseline Survey 2011

42. Number of Child Dependents Ilorin Base Projection Ilorin NURHI Projection

43. Economic Benefits of Investing in Family Planning Reduction in the strain on employment requirements Likely reduction in the percentage of people in the working ages that are unemployed Reduction in the number of dependents which will assist families in moving out of poverty • NURHI/MLE Baseline Report 2010

44. What Can We Do? Photos by: Mike Blyth (left), others by Bonnie NURHI

45. Men and women in Ilorin cities want to plan their births • We should help ensure that Ilorin’s women and men have access to high quality family planning services. • We should support them in achieving their own family planning decisions. Photo by Bonnie NURHI

46. Policy Response Improving access and utilization of high quality family planning services will: Enable couples to space their children … Reduce the number of maternal and child deaths … Thereby support Ilorin in reaching the MDGs and becoming a flourishing and prosperous city. Photo by Bonnie NURHI

47. What Needs to be Done Right Now? Release of the funds that have been obligated for family planning Ensure that the released funds are used for family planning services Speak out, and encourage other leaders to speak out, about the important role of family planning in preventing maternal and child deaths • It will take the voices of leaders from all sectors to illustrate the importance of preventing these deaths

48. “Family Planning is something I support because we need to space our children, support safe motherhood and we need to take care of our children.” Nigeria’s Minister of Health November 2011 • From thisdaylive.com 18th November 2011 Photo by Shiraz Chakera