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Mgt 240 Lecture

Mgt 240 Lecture. Computing at ND: Operating Systems and Software January 18, 2005. Miscellaneous. Seating charts Lecture homework help session Thursday 7-9pm L050 – Andy Grau Homework for next week – Working with the operating system. Today in Lecture. Review of hardware reading material

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Mgt 240 Lecture

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  1. Mgt 240 Lecture Computing at ND: Operating Systems and Software January 18, 2005

  2. Miscellaneous • Seating charts • Lecture homework help session Thursday 7-9pm L050 – Andy Grau • Homework for next week – Working with the operating system

  3. Today in Lecture • Review of hardware reading material • Operating system software • Application software with a focus on Excel

  4. What Tasks Do Your Perform on your Computer When You Start Each Lab Session? What Software Do You Use When You Do Your Work in the Lab?

  5. Software Used in Excel Portion of Mgt 240 Lab • Operating System • Microsoft Windows XP • Previous versions of Microsoft Windows • Computer Platform Report • Microsoft Excel 2003

  6. Operating Systems Software

  7. Operating System Software – What is It? • Used to control your computer • Starts up computer • Controls file storage • Controls processing • Controls hardware and software loaded on computer • Controls network connections • Provides the interface with which you interact • Responsible for desktop interface (graphical user interface) • Whenever the computer is on, the operating system is working

  8. Operating System Software – Where is It Stored? • My Computer, Hard Drive, Windows Folder • Stored on hard drive • Look at the Properties of the Windows Folder • Takes up a lot of hard drive space • Many different support files and folders

  9. Operating System Software – Where is it When It’s Running? • Windows Task Manager - Ctrl-Alt-Del • Applications currently running tab • This is where you see what applications are currently running on your computer • All of the currently running programs are allocated space in memory (RAM) and processor time • OS not listed

  10. Operating System Software – Where is it When It’s Running? • Processes tab • Each currently running application and the operating system are made up of processes that are assigned space in memory and processor time • 16 of 30 currently running processes on the computer I used to prepare this lecture were devoted to the operating system • Total memory usage: 58, 216 KB • How many MB’s is this? • How many MB’s of RAM do you have on a typical PC?

  11. Operating System Software – Where is it When It’s Running? • Performance Tab • Totals for • Physical memory (amount of RAM installed on your computer) • Kernel memory (amount of memory devoted to the operating system) • Commit charge (amount of memory being used by both applications and operating system)

  12. The Windows Operating System is Big! • It takes up a lot of room on your hard drive • It takes up a lot of room in memory • It takes up processor time • That’s why new versions of Windows have recommendations regarding processor speed, memory size, and hard drive size

  13. Operating System Alternatives • Most PC’s come with Windows installed on them (if they’re not Mac’s!) • A lot of people don’t like Windows. They think it’s • Too big • Not secure enough • Has too many bugs (mistakes in its programming that create problems for users) • Too expensive • You have to have some operating system running your computer • What can you do? • There are alternatives! • One of them is Linux

  14. Linux • Free • Based on version of Unix (another operating system that is often used on more powerful computers) • Can come with different interfaces • Graphical user interface (like Windows) • Command-line • Many free applications designed to work with the Linux operating system • Not supported at ND • That means that no one at OIT will help you with it not that you can’t use it

  15. Operating System Software – Commonly Used Features • File management • Every time you open, copy, or save a file the operating system is involved • Controlling your computing environment • You can adjust everything from your screen saver to your keyboard sensitivity through the control panel – your gateway to many operating system functions

  16. Operating System Software – File Management • The operating system is in charge of all facets of file management • It tells the computer what to do about physical file management • It provides the interface for you to logically manage files

  17. Physical File Management • The operating system assigns memory (RAM) to applications that are currently running on your computer and keeps track of those memory locations (we saw this in the task manager) • The operating system assigns storage space and keeps track of where files and applications are stored on your hard drive

  18. Properties of Drives, Folders, and Files • Look at properties of C: drive. It shows • What kind of file system the operating system uses: NTFS • Used to provide physical addresses for your files and applications on your hard drive • How much of your hard drive is used/unused

  19. Properties of Drives, Folders, and Files • C: drive properties (cont.) • Gives you the option to • Clean up your disk (compress old files, delete temporary files, and unused program files) • Compress entire contents of disk to free up space • Allow indexing of files for fast search • De-fragment drive (puts files with parts stored separately together to speed up access) • Share drives and files • Set access rights • Set security features (encrypt information)

  20. Logical File Mangement • Allows you to create, arrange, and store files in a way that makes sense to you • It reflects human thinking about file relationships and doesn’t have anything to do with the physical storage of the files in memory or on the hard drive • In Windows the logical file management tool is windows explorer

  21. Windows Explorer • Allows you to see the logical organization of your drives and files • You can • View your files in a number of different ways (View menu) • Arrange the files in a folder in a number of different ways • Create new folders • Move or copy existing files and folders • Set folder options

  22. Operating System Software – Controlling Your Computing Environment • In the Windows operating system, the control panel allows you to exert control over many aspects of your computing environment • Open the control panel from the start menu • You see a number of icons that let you set various parameters on your computer • You will be working with the control panel in your hands-on homework for this lecture

  23. Application Software

  24. Application Software Types • Personal • Group • Enterprise

  25. Personal Application Software • Allows you to perform specific kinds of tasks, for example • Word processing • Internet browsing • Written for specific operating systems • MS Office won’t run on Linux • Stored on your computer’s hard drive • Allocated memory space and processor time by operating system when you start them up

  26. Personal Application Software at ND • OIT maintains a web page that provides information about the software available on campus • The University buys site licenses for many software applications so you can download them onto your campus computer for free. • Here is a list of software that can be downloaded or purchased for reduced cost at ND • OIT also provides support (meaning you can call the help desk if you have problems) for many software applications

  27. Microsoft Campus Agreement 3.0 • Allows students to purchase the following software for $45 each: • Microsoft Windows XP Pro OS Upgrade • Microsoft Office XP Professional or Office 2003 Professional • Office X or Office 2004 for Mac • Microsoft Visual Studio.net Pro 2003 • Microsoft FrontPage 2003

  28. Application Software Available on Cluster Computers at ND • OIT maintains a list of application software available in the various clusters around campus

  29. History of Spreadsheet Application Software for PC’s • A Brief History of Spreadsheets • VisiCalc (late 1970’s) • Harvard B-School student wanted better way to do his accounting homework (1978) • Wrote a program that became the first spreadsheet • Reference card instructions for VisiCalc • Lotus 1-2-3 (early 1980’s) • Developed by Mitch Kapor • Added integrated charting, plotting and database capabilities • First spreadsheet application widely used in business • MS Excel (mid 1980’s) • Developed first for the 512 K Mac • Graphical user interface • Dominates spreadsheet application market share today

  30. Microsoft Excel Application Software • Software application designed for data analysis • Developed by programmers at Microsoft • Compiled and burned onto cd’s (Open in NotePad – binary code is unintelligible) • Sold with documentation at stores • Often purchased as part of the Microsoft Office Suite along with Word, Powerpoint, Access, and FrontPage • Licensed to organizations for a certain number of users

  31. Microsoft Excel Application Software • Excel 2003 requires • 233 Mhz or faster processor • 128 MB RAM • 150 MB of available hard drive space • You install the software from the cd included with your purchase • It is stored on your hard drive as excel.exe • It is loaded into memory when you start it up – can see it in task manager

  32. Software Suites • Advantages of buying software suites like MS Office • For you • Work seamlessly together • Less expensive than buying separately • Consistent interface across applications • For Microsoft • Capture more of your business

  33. Groupware • Lotus Notes/Domino • Microsoft NetMeeting • Designed to assist communication and collaboration • Online meeting rooms • Central, online document archives • Project management tools • Video conferencing support • NetMeeting

  34. Enterprise Application Software

  35. Use of Integrated Supply Chain Management Software

  36. Selected Enterprise Resource Planning Vendors

  37. Proprietary Software • Proprietary • Pros • Get exactly what you need • Involvement in development gives more control over the results • More flexibility to make modifications • Cons • Development effort can take a lot of resources and a long time • May stretch in-house IT resources and make maintenance difficult • More risk that features and performance will not be adequate

  38. Off-the-Shelf Software • Off-the-Shelf • Pros • Initial cost lower because development costs spread over a large number of customers • You can analyze the features and performance of the application to see if it meets your basic needs • Application quality high because of testing with customer firms • Cons • May contain features that organization doesn’t need and will never use • May not contain needed features resulting in modification expenses • May not match current work processes and data standards

  39. Application Software Alternatives • Application Service Providers • Pay ASP a monthly fee for use of applications that they host and maintain • Salesforce.com pioneering software as a service

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