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1. Basic Principles of First Aid
3. Securing the scene
1. Electrical hazards
2. Chemical hazards
3. Noxious & Toxic gases
4. Ground hazards
5. Fire
6. Unstable equipment
4. Fundamentals of First Aid Activate EMS System
“911”
1. ABC (airway-breathing-circulation)
2. Control bleeding
3. Treat for Shock(medical emergencies)
4. Open wounds & Burns
5. Fractures & Dislocations
6. Transportation
5. Signs, Symptoms and Treatment of Major Medical Emergencies
6. Heart Attack Signals may include;
persistent chest pain
pain often radiates to left shoulder and arm
shortness of breath
bluish color of lips and fingernails
7. Stroke Signals may include;
unconsciousness
limp facial muscles
weakness of one side of body
breathing difficulty
unequal pupils
speech impairment
8. Treatment for Heart Attack/Stroke Call for help or 911
Pulse, but is not breathing start R.B.
No pulse or breathing start CPR
If on medication, get for them
Keep warm and in sitting position
9. Diabetic emergencies
10. Seizure Disorder Not a disease
Sign of an underlying defect, injury or disease
Epilepsy is one condition which results in seizures Signs/Symptoms
Possible loss of consciousness
Convulsions
Severe spasms
Vomiting
Pale before and bluish during seizure
Loud labored breathing
Short lived, but followed up by another
11. Treatment of Seizure Disorder keep person calm
do not restrain
protect, but do not hold
nothing in mouth
after ensure airway is open
place on side if no spinal injuries
protect from embarrassment
transport to medical facility
12. Anaphylactic Shock Eating or drinking
Inhalation
Injection
Absorption
The more common allergic reactions are the result of;
bee stings
shell fish
medications
13. Anaphylactic Shock Full fledge emergency
Get help now
Look for medical tags
Time is not on your side Signs/Symptoms
state of awareness
skin irritation, burning, itching, etc.
headache
weakness
difficulty breathing
abnormal pulse rate
chills and fever
profuse sweating
vomiting
muscle cramps, chest tightening
14. Control of Bleeding
15. Types of Bleeding
16. Control of Bleeding Direct Pressure
17. Pressure Points Where the artery passes over a bone close to the skin
18. Treatment of Various Wounds, Burns, and Musculoskeletal Skeletal Injuries
19. Types of Wounds
20. Burns
24. Fractures & Dislocations
26. Splints
28. Neck & Spinal Injuries