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Business Graphics Exam Wednesday 9th June 2004

Free-standing calendar and a Food package. Do NOT choose to design a bed or sports wear! ... Graphics Art design programs like Paint. CAD= Computer Aided Design ...

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Business Graphics Exam Wednesday 9th June 2004

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    Business Graphics Exam Wednesday 9th June 2004 The exam paper is called D&T Product Design You will not be loaned anything! So you must bring the following: black and blue pens (no red pen), HB pencil, colour pencils, rubber, sharpener and ruler You may also bring a: stencil/template and a fine-liner pen. The exam has 2 halves where you choose to design the following: Free-standing calendar and a Food package Do NOT choose to design a bed or sports wear! Food Packaging (Pizza) What would a pizza pack contain? Different sizes and pizza toppings + sides What should food packaging do? Protect its contents Keep contents warm Attract customers What should it be made from? Corrugated or foil lined cardboard sheet Why would side dishes like coleslaw be served in plastic containers? transparent Alternative wrappings for pre made pizza include: corrugated cardboard box vacuum sealed plastic sheets moulded cardboard like egg boxes expanded polystyrene boxes Which method would be most environmentally friendly? moulded cardboard or corrugated cardboard box What is a disadvantage of using card or corrugated cardboard? Not water proof Pizza Pack Specification Protect contents with a corrugated cardboard box Display brand name and contact details Provide information on contents, sizes, weights, toppings Attractive colours and images to attract attention of customers (audience) Store flat-packed ready to assemble when needed Include an inner tray or frame to hold contents in place material properties5.xlsTest Oblique drawing of a cardboard pizza pack made from corrugated card. Draw construction lines for writing. Pizza image Brand Size Contents: 9 pizza Ham & Pineapple Coleslaw A1 pizza Pizza Hut, Shirley 2D Orthographic Drawing Top plan view Side View Thin construction lines Brand Front View Dashed lines for folds, solid lines for die cuts. Flaps to attach side to back Tuck in flap Top, same size as bottom Back and front same size. Depth of front and side is same. PVAGlue Pizza box assembled using PVA glue. Dashed lines for folds, solid lines for die cuts. Flaps to attach side to back Tuck in flap Top, same size as bottom Back and front same size. Depth of front and side is same. NO PVA glue HWK: practice making a glue free box then draw its net Some glue free boxes have extra flaps which tuck in to the base Hole in base for extra flap Pizza box assembled with extra side flaps to replace any glue Extra sides trap the flaps Internal packing tray to retain side dishes like coleslaw and beans. How could you make the inner lining? Who would like the coleslaw and who would prefer baked beans? Drawing Test Test Different occasions and seasonal variations Name different occasions when pizzas would sell more? Meal times, parties, Give an advantage and disadvantage for the following packaging: Foil lined box Cardboard box with window Cardboard box without window Corrugated cardboard box Plastic bag Advantage insulation can see product Some protection Protects well Contains a lot Disadvantage cant see contents Weaker & expensive, Not waterproof No protection Business Graphics Revision What are the 5 main print methods? Lithography prints 1000s of copies on paper

    Slide 11:Print Methods

    Screenprint prints 10s or 100s on cloth and wallpaper Gravure Prints millions of high quality colour prints for calendars Flexography prints 1000s on materials other than paper, such as plastic sheets, corrugated card and wallpaper Letterpress prints 100s of monochrome copies on paper

    Business Graphics Revision Which print method would you use for each of the following? To print hats before stitching Screenprint To print 1000s of colour leaflets Offset lithography To print monochrome (1 colour) business cards the old fashioned way Letterpress To print on cloth jewellery bags Screen print To print on pizza packaging Flexography Print millions of quality calendars Gravure

    Slide 12:Print uses

    Printers Test For each of these categories state THREE specification points, and give a reason for each. End user (adults) Reasons Bright colours to attract their attention and show contents Images pictures to attract attention and show contents Easy use easy to open box or easy to change calendar month Manufacturer Window in box to show the calendar or frozen pizza off, but could steam up! Cardboard box to protect the contents Waxed or laminated to protect card from disintegrating in a freezer Size big enough to fit contents Protection of the environment Use recycle card to avoid cutting down new trees Re-cycle symbol to encourage the box itself to be recycled Non-toxic inks/glue to avoid poisons and fumes Give more Specifications points and explain how they relate to the calendar or pizza box Human considerations Bright colours Look attractive Good images Attract attention Material/texture to give different feels Style and Fashion Seasonal colours Red and green peppers for Christmas pizza Latest cartoons or stars Attract a new audience Manufacturing methods (these can all be computer numerically controlled, called CNC) Flexography a modern multi-coloured print method Gravure expensive, high quality colour prints Die cut mass production cutting system Spec Test Business Graphics Revision Give examples of packaging and their uses. Vacuum sealed plastic sheet to protect frozen pizzas and keep calendar pages together Corrugated card to insulate and protect a pizza Thin card for the back or package of a calendar Wire spiral used to bind calendar pages Foil laminated card used as lids or lining of hot food

    Slide 17:Package Materials

    What would a spiral, sewn and perfect binding look like? SPIRAL Holes are punched through the paper or card before the spiral is inserted SEWN Several pages are grouped and stitched together PERFECT BINDING Groups of stitched pages or cardboard pages maybe GAFFA taped or glue bound Business Graphics Revision What are the standard sizes of paper? Which is the standard size for computer prints? A4 Name the different types of paper you can get. Thickness or weight measured in grams per square metre gsm Colours Textures Varnished or laminated

    Slide 19:Papers

    Drawing the front cover of a calendar Annotate materials needed Oblique drawing, sides at 45o Thick cardboard or board for back, glossy pages for calendar printed by gravure Large title, could be embossed or given a reflective metallic foil coating Attractive images, practice doing a SIMPLE image Paper for calendar pages printed by lithography Stapled, glued or taped in to place A3 if wall hung but only A5 if free-standing State 3 properties for each of the following materials to make a box or calendar. Material One Thin plastic sheet Property 1 Transparent (see-through) Property 2 Flat sheet Property 3 Water proof Material Two Thin card Property 1 Easy to fold net into a box Property 2 Easy to print on Property 3 Easy to recycle Material Three Thick board Property 1 Strong to protect contents and stand upright Property 2 Relatively cost effective for strength Property 3 Easy to recycle What may be unsuitable or even dangerous for a calendar? Unsuitable Staples Toxic ink Stick on eyes Pictures of naked ladies! Cellophane wrapping Reasons Could prick fingers Could poison Small parts could be swallowed Unsuitable pictures for children Could suffocate children What will you need to consider for Health and Safety and why? Materials No small parts as these could choke if swallowed Non-toxic glue on flap and on pages to avoid poisoning and fumes Non-toxic colours to avoid poisoning No staples to avoid pricking fingers No sharp points to avoid cuts Tools (used during production) Use safety scissors or wear armoured gloves to protect against cuts Wear ear defenders to protect against the noise of printing presses Wear a mask to protect against glue fumes or dust from die cutting Use guards to keep hands and ties out of moving machinery like printers Name a safety consideration for each of the following equipment. Tools Scissors or scalpel Lithography printer (rollers) Die cutter Safety consideration Take care to avoid cuts Use screen guards to avoid getting fingers caught, plus ear defenders against the noise pollution. Use screen guards and armoured gloves to avoid getting fingers cut off. Health Finish effect Reason Laminated cover To waterproof Varnish Water-repellent Embossed To give a raised or textured feel Cloth Vary texture Foil To give a reflective, metallic appearance retain heat Special Finishes for Pop-up book or Toiletries pack Colour pencils a wide range of colours for light shading Felt tip markers come in a wide range of vibrant colours but tend to streak so are best done in one pass, often as a zig-zag. Best for small areas and lettering. Airbrush blows a fine spray of ink, used on record sleeves Paints- water colours are washed on to paper acrylics bright and quick drying general paints enamels are glossy and strong but slow to dry spray needs areas to be masked, melts polystyrene Chalk colours can be rubbed and blended together Crayons can be used to give gloss to some parts

    Slide 27:Colour media- useful for one off prototypes

    Colours Software (Programs) What are the different types of programs in use today? Word processors computerised typing Spreadsheets computerised pages of maths eg EXCEL Databases computerised record system DTP= Desk top publishing Graphics Art design programs like Paint CAD= Computer Aided Design CAM= Computer Aided Manufacture Internet browsers internet explorer, Google Control Programs to operate electrical things like traffic lights and robots Explain what the following packages do. Word processor This creates pages of text which can then be formatted and edited. Spreadsheet Holds data in rows and columns for easier processing and calculations. Database Stores records which can searched, sorted and edited. DTP= Desk top processing An advanced word processor which can organise text in linked columns with pictures inserted. Explain what the following software programs do. CAD Is a Computer system which Aids you in Designing something, so it helps you to do drawings. CAM Computer Aided Manufacture helps us to organise or run production. Internet Browser Helps us to search for information on the world wide web Control (CNC) A program which tells a machine or robot what to do Test Software Quality Assurance and Control 2 Quality assurance checks which can be done before printing are: Check printer plates are ready and ink is full Proof read master copy to check it is correct before printing 2 Quality control checks which can be made during production are: registration marks enables a visual check of alignment colour check bars enables a visual check that colours do not run out 2 Quality control checks which can be made at the end of production are: visual check to look and see if it correct check size is correct using a ruler Product life-expectancy Product Life expectancy Re-use or recycle or component Calendar One year only Recycle card Pizza box One trip or Re-cycle card months in freezer Qualityquality9.xls Side Effects of Production Finished products Waste or recycle scrap Incinerator Land fill New paper Re-use Pressure Groups protest against environmental damage and include: Green peace and Friends of the Earth. Business Graphics Revision What are the 3 Rs of Environmental considerations? Reduce- materials in the product materials used in packaging energy needed in production Re-cycle use recycled materials to make the product be able to easily recycle the product Re-use/place design the product in components which will be easier to replace or re-use

    Slide 35:Environmental

    Business Graphics Revision What are the 2Bs of waste disposal? Bury- most waste is buried in land fill sites biodegradable materials decompose quickly aluminium cans can take 100 years to decompose however, toxic waste may leak and give off gases Burn- this reduces the volume of waste but may give off toxic fumes

    Slide 36:Waste disposal

    environmental10.xls Signs of quality or approved standards The kite mark of the British Standards Institute is now being replaced by the sign for the European Community (CE). The CE symbol is designed from 2 semi-circles. This sign declares that the product has met all European Directives. Ie it meets the required standards. planet.xls research3.xls steps.xls Foodqns.xls
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