Constitution

1. Constitution Articles, Sections, Clause Chapter, Paragraphs, Sentences

2. *Its like this�* Articles Sections Clause Chapters Paragraphs Sentences

3. *The Chapters* Preamble Article I The Legislative Branch Article II The Executive Branch Article III The Judicial Branch Article IV Relations Among the state Article V The Amending Process Article VI National Supremacy Article VII Ratification of the Cons.

4. *Article I The Legislative Branch* Bicameral system Qualifications 25 years old/30 years old 7 years a citizen of the U.S./9 Must reside in the state they represent Senate 100 members House of Reps. 435

5. *Bicameral System (2 houses) House of Rep. = Virginia Plan 435 Senate = New Jersey Plan 100

6. *Article II The Executive Branch* Qualifications for President Citizen of the USA by birth At least 35 And a resident of the USA

7. *Article III The Judicial Branch* Sets up the courts and how they process cases

8. *Article IV Relations Among the state Full Faith and Credit---requires that each state give citizens of other states the same rights as its own citizens and sets up procedures for admitting new states.

9. *Article V The Amending Process* Provides rules for amending, or changing, the Constitution

10. *Article VI National Supremacy* Makes the Constitution the supreme law of the land. (supremacy clause)

11. *Article VII Ratification of the Constitution* States the Constitution would take effect after it was ratified by nine of the 13 states.

12. *Chapter 3 Section 1* Articles 7 divisions of the constitution; first three covers the three branches of the national government; next is about how to change �IT� The Amendments ( or changes ) 27 times throughout our nations history

13. *Major Principles of Constitution 6* 1. Popular Sovereignty Rule by the people 2. Federalism Describes the basic structure of America Power is divided between national and state governments

14. *Major Principles* 3. Separation of Powers Each branch has its responsibilities, a system that the founders hoped would prevent any branch from gaining too much power 4. Checks and Balances Each branch of government exercises some control over the others

15. *Major Principles* 5 Judicial Review The power of the courts to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments invalid if they violate the constitution (Marbury vs. Madison 1803) 6. Limited government Means� that the constitution limits the actions of government by specifically listing powers it does and does not have

17. *Chapter 3 Section 2Three branches of Government* Expressed powers Powers directly stated in the constitution Enumerated powers Article I Section 8 Found in the section directly giving the power to �

18. *Elastic Clause* Elastic clause This clause gives congress the right to make all laws �necessary and proper� to carry out the power expressed in Article I. Who deems something �necessary and proper�?

19. *The three branches of Gov.* Article I - pass laws Article II � enforces laws Article III �interprets the laws

20. *Article I The Legislative Branch* Power to make laws Over rule vetoes 2/3 vote Power to approve presidential appointments Legislative branch makes rules for our civilization

21. *Article II* Specific powers Commander in chief Appoints (with senate�s consent) Heads of executive departments (cabinet) Judges to federal courts supreme court justices ambassadors Pardon Treaties (with senate�s consent) Delivers state of the union Calls congress into special session Ensures that the laws congress passes are �faithfully executed�

22. *Article III* Federal courts State courts Supreme court----decides constitutionality of acts of other branches, etc.

23. *Section 3 amending the constitution* Very difficult to do!!!!

25. *Amendments* Amendment 1 Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition Does it have limits?

26. *Amendments* Amendment 2 Right to bear Arms (militia)

27. *Amendment 3 Quartering Soldiers

28. *Amendment 4 Search and Seizure Warrants upon where and what they are looking for.

29. *Amendment 5 Rights of the Accused Grand jury Double jeopardy Right to remain silent Due process

30. amendments *Amendment 6 Requirements for Jury Trial Assistance of counsel for defense Public trial Charges against you

31. *Amendment 7 Rules of Common Law Anything over 20 dollars = trail by jury

32. *Amendment 8 Limits on Criminal Punishments Excessive bail or cruel and unusual punishments

33. *Amendment 9 Rights kept by the people Enumeration in the constitution

34. *Amendment 10 Powers of the state All powers not in the constitution is up to the states

35. *Amendment 11 Lawsuits Against a state Must be in state court First time that an amendment was enacted to override a supreme court decision

36. 1804 Amendment 12 Election of President and Vice President�fixed problems associated with electoral votes.

37. 1848

38. Civil War

39. 54th Massachusetts

40. *Civil war amendments Amendment 13 Slavery Abolished 680,000 people died for this

41. *Civil war amendments Amendment 14 Civil Right Guaranteed Equal protection and due process

42. *Civil war amendments Amendment 15 Black Voting Rights The right to vote can not be denied by race, color, or previous conditions of servitude

43. *Amendment 16 (1913) Federal Income Tax

44. *Amendment 17 (1913) Direct Election of Senators

45. *Amendment 18 (1919) prohibition

46. *Amendment 19 (1920) Women�s Voting rights

47. *Amendment 20 (1933) Terms of Office and Presidential Succession---terms begin in January instead of March.

48. *Amendment 21 (1933) Repeal of Prohibition Sec. 2 states or local government continue prohibition if they wish

49. *Amendment 22 (1951) Pres. Can only be elected twice---two full terms and no more than 10 years.

50. *Amendment 23 (1961) Voting in the District of Columbia (Washington D.C.)�allowed 3 electoral votes

51. *Amendment 24 (1964) Poll Tax illegal

52. *Amendment 25 (1967) Presidential Disability (1967)

53. amendments *Amendment 26 (1971) Voting Age

54. amendments *Amendment 27 Congressional pay�Pay raises would not take effect until after next election