Directorate for Engineering Advisory Committee Meeting November 16-17, 2006

1. Directorate for Engineering Advisory Committee MeetingNovember 16-17, 2006 National Science Foundation Directorate for Engineering Assistant Director for Engineering Richard O. Buckius

2. Topics • New Staff Introductions • ENG Reorganization Update • ACI and Trends • ENG Education • Research and Education Themes • EFRI

3. New Staff Introductions

4. New Staff Introductions – CBET • Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems • Cindy Lee • Program Director, Environmental Sustainability, Clemson University • Bob Jaeger • Program Director, Research to Aid Persons with Disabilities, NIT • Pat Phelan • Program Director, Thermal Transport Processes, Arizona State University • John Regalbuto • Program Director, Catalysis and Biocatalysis, University of Illinois, Chicago

5. New Staff Introductions – CBET • Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (continued) • Bill Schultz • Program Director, Fluid Dynamics and Hydraulics, University of Michigan • Phil Westmoreland • Program Director, Combustion and Plasma Processes, University of Massachusetts, Amherst • Elizabeth Dow • Science Assistant, Air Force Academy • Evanson Boodoo • Student, College of South Maryland

6. New Staff Introductions – CMMI • Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation • Haris Doumanidis • Program Director, NanoManufacturing • Judy Vance • Program Director, Engineering Design • Geri Farves • Information Technology Specialist • Matthew Carnavos • Science Assistant • Jaasad Hayer • STEP Student

7. New Staff Introductions – ECCS • Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems • Rongqing Hui • Program Director; Electronics, Photonics and Device Technologies, University of Kansas • Scott F. Midkiff • Program Director; Integrative, Hybrid and Complex Systems, Virginia Polytechnic Institute • Olofemi Olowolafe • Program Director; Electronics, Photonics and Device Technologies, University of Delaware • Schedir Illoldi • Science Assistant

8. New Staff Introductions – EEC • Engineering Education and Centers • Allen Soyster • Division Director • Deborah Jackson • Program Director, Engineering Research Centers • Barbara Kenny • Program Director, Engineering Research Centers • Tammie Jennings • Acting Administrative Officer

9. New Staff Introductions – IIP • Industrial Innovation and Partnerships • Ali Andalibi • SBIR/STTR Program Manager, BioTech, House Ear Institute • Deepak Bhat • SBIR/STTR Program Manager, Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, University of Arkansas • Rathindra DasGupta • SBIR/STTR Program Manager, Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, SPX Corporation

10. New Staff Introductions – OAD • Office of the Director • Mary Juhas • Program Director, Diversity and Outreach • Marcia Rawlings • Information Technology Specialist • Donna Webb • Secretary to the Deputy Assistant Director

11. ENG Reorganization Update

12. Directorate for EngineeringPrevious Office of the Assistant Director Deputy Assistant Director Senior Advisor Nanotechnology Bioengineering and Environmental Systems BES Civil and Mechanical Systems CMS Electrical andCommunications Systems ECS Office of Industrial Innovation OII (SBIR/STTR) Chemical andTransport Systems CTS Design and Manufacturing Innovation DMI Engineering Education and Centers EEC

13. Directorate for EngineeringFY 2007 Office of the Assistant Director Deputy Assistant Director (OAD) Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) Senior Advisor Nanotechnology Engineering Education and Centers (EEC) Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI) Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, And Transport Systems (CBET) Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems (ECCS) Industrial Innovation and Partnerships (IIP)

14. Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems Deputy Division Director Bob Wellek Division Director Judy Raper Senior Advisor Marshall Lih Chemical, Biochemical, and Biotechnology Systems Transport and Thermal Fluids Biomedical Engineering and Engineering Healthcare Environmental Engineering and Sustainability Process and Reaction Engineering Maria Burka Thermal Transport Processes Pat Phelan Research to Aid Persons With Disabilities Bob Jaeger Environmental Engineering Pat Brezonik Catalysis and Biocatalysis John Regalbuto Interfacial Processes And Thermodynamics Bob Wellek Environmental Technology Cindy Ekstein Biomedical Engineering Semahat Demir Biochemical Engineering Bruce Hamilton Particulate and Multiphase Processes Vacant Energy for Sustainability Vacant Biophotonics Leon Esterowitz Biotechnology Fred Heineken Fluid Dynamics Bill Schultz Environmental Sustainability Cindy Lee Chemical and Biological Separations Geoff Prentice Combustion, Fire, and Plasma Systems Phil Westmoreland

15. Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation Division Director Adnan Akay Deputy Director George Hazelrigg Engineering Infrastructure Systems Innovation Sciences and Decision Engineering Materials Transformation and Mechanics Geoenvironmental and Geohazard Mitigation Richard Fragaszy Control Systems Mario Rotea Dynamic Systems Edward Misawa Information Technology And Infrastructure Systems Edward Jaselskis Geomechanics and Geotechnical Systems Richard Fragaszy Engineering Design Judy Vance Infrastructure Systems Management and Hazard Response Thomas Birkland Infrastructure Material And Structural Mechanics Perumalsamy Balaguru Manufacturing Enterprise Systems Abhi Deshmukh Materials Processing and Manufacturing Mary L. Realff Manufacturing Machines and Equipment George Hazelrigg Operations Research Stephen Nash Mechanics and Structures of Materials Ken Chong Service Enterprise Engineering Matthew Realff Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Research Joy Pauschke Nano/Bio Mechanics Jimmy Hsia Sensor Innovation and Systems Shih Chi Liu Structural Systems and Hazard Mitigation of Structures Douglas Foutch NanoManufacturing Haris Doumanidis

16. Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems Division Director Usha Varshney Senior Advisor Lawrence Goldberg Electronics, Photonics and Device Technologies Power, Controls and Adaptive Networks Integrative, Hybrid and Complex Systems Optoelectronics; Nanophotonics; Ultrafast and Extreme Ultra-Violet Technologies Rongqing Hui Micro/Nanoelectronics; Bioelectronics; NEMS/MEMS; Sensors Rajinder Khosla Micro/Nanoelectronics; Molecular Electronics; Spin Electronics; Organic Electronics; Micromagnetics; Power Electronics Olofemi Olowolafe Embedded, Distributed and Adaptive Control; Sensing and Imaging Networks; Systems Theory; Telerobotics Radhakisan Baheti Power and Energy Systems and Networks; Interdependencies of Power and Energy on Critical Infrastructures; Power Drives; Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources Vacant Adaptive Dynamic Programming; Neuromorphic Engineering; Quantum and Molecular Modeling and Simulations of Devices and Systems Paul Werbos RF and Optical Wireless and Hybrid Communications Systems; Inter and Intra-chip Communications ; Mixed Signals Leda Lunardi Nano, Micro and Complex Systems; Systems-on-a-chip; System-in-a-Package; Diagnostic and Implantable Systems Vittal Rao Cybersystems; Signal Processing Scott Midkiff

17. Engineering Education and Centers Division Director Allen Soyster Deputy Director for Engineering Centers Lynn Preston Deputy Director for Engineering Education Sue Kemnitzer Senior Advisor for Engineering Bruce Kramer Senior Staff Associate Win Aung ERC Education Win Aung Stephanie Adams Bioengineering Sohi Rastegar Dawn Applegate Barbara Kenny Nanotechnology Undergraduate Education Mary Poats Engineering Education Sue Kemnitzer Stephanie Adams Bob Norwood ERC Assessment Linda Parker Barbara Kenny Bob Norwood Manufacturing and Processing Bruce Kramer International Research and Education in Engineering Win Aung Research Experiences for Teachers Mary Poats ERC Diversity And Pre-College Education Mary Poats Earthquake Engineering Vilas Mujumdar Research Experience for Undergraduates Esther Bolding Microelectronics Systems and Information Deborah Jackson Barbara Kenny Nanoscale Science and Engineering Bruce Kramer Deborah Jackson Barbara Kenny

18. Industrial Innovation and Partnerships Division Director Kesh Narayanan Senior Advisor Joe Hennessey Industry University Cooperative Research Centers Alex Schwarzkopf Edward Clancy Glenn Larsen Office of Industrial Innovation SBIR/STTR Grants Opportunities for Academic Liaison With Industry Donald Senich • Advanced Materials and • Manufacturing • Deepak Bhat, Rathindra DasGupta, • Joseph Raksis, Rosemarie Wesson • Biotechnology • Thomas Allnutt, Ali Andalibi, • George Vermont • Chemical Technology • Rosemarie Wesson • Electronics • Juan Figueroa, Murali Nair, • T. James Rudd • Information Technology • Errol Arkilic, Ian Bennett • Special Topics • Advanced Electronics (4) • Advanced Manufacturing (3) • Advanced Materials (7) • Biotechnology (4) • Civil Infrastructure Systems (3) • Energy and the Environment (5) • Fabrication and Processing • Technology (7) • Health and Safety (4) • Information and Communications (6) • Quality, Reliability and • Maintenance (2) • System Design and Simulation (1) Partnerships for Innovation Sara Nerlove

19. Diversity and OutreachBackground • New position 10/1/06 - Program Director for Diversity and Outreach • Dr. Mary Juhas – Ohio State University • Senior Assistant Dean for Diversity and Outreach, College of Engineering • Advocacy for women and all underrepresented ethnic minorities from K-20, post-doc and faculty; and oversight of: • Minority Engineering Program (MEP) • Women in Engineering Program (WiE) • College of Engineer Diversity Council • Goal: Develop a culture in which creating, fostering and sustaining diversity in the CoE is an ongoing priority. • Thus, the College must establish coordinated and systemic efforts at all level. Diversity is everybody’s job.

20. Diversity and OutreachGoals for ENG • Excellence and innovation through diversity • To enable the integration and success of a diverse STEM workforce, both inside and outside NSF • To make the demographics in STEM disciplines representative of the general population and to prepare for the demographics of the future. • Tools to develop a roadmap for sustaining the programs and preserving the culture • ENG Diversity Working Group • Build and sustain relationships with NSF individuals/groups outside ENG • “Investing in America’s Future”, NSF Strategic Plan (9/06) • Stewardship: partnerships, broadening participation, diversify our community, mentoring, Human Capital Management Plan, continuing education, promote flexibility

21. ACI and Trends

22. American Competitiveness Initiative • The centerpiece of the American Competitiveness Initiative (ACI) is the commitment to double investment over 10 years in key Federal agencies that support basic research programs in the physical sciences and engineering (NSF, DOE Science, and NIST). • NSF expected to support • More than 500 additional research grants in 2007 • Opportunities for upward of 6,400 additional scientists, engineers, students, post-doctoral fellow, and technicians • Enhanced STEM education and workforce programs

23. American Competitiveness InitiativeFY 2007 – FY 2016 Source: OSTP, Feb. 2006

24. ACI-Driven NSF Budget Projections Dollars in Billions FY 2006 through FY 2016 budgets are estimates based on White House data.

25. NSF Research and Related ActivitiesFY 2007 Request by Directorate (Dollars in Millions) Totals may not add due to rounding.

26. Solicitation Actions with ENG InvolvementProposal Generating Documents Number of Solicitations Per Fiscal Year

27. Institution SubmissionsNon-SBIR Number of Institutions Submitting

28. PI and Co-PI SubmissionsENG Research Grants Number of PIs and Co-PIs Submitting Average Number of Proposals per PI and Co-PI

29. ENG Proposals and AwardsResearch Grants ENG Proposals and Awards

30. ENG and NSF Funding RatesResearch Grants Funding Rate Percent ENG Proposals and Awards

31. Annual Award SizeAverages for ENG Research Grants • $110,000 Ave + • MRI • NIRT • PFI • NEES Research • HSD • $101,000 Ave + • BE • NSF/Sandia • BBSI • NER • $94,600 Ave • Unsolicited • CAREER Average Annual Award Size Award size data annualized.

32. Average Award Duration in YearsENG Research Grants Average Duration in Years

33. Research CollaborationsPercent of Single PI vs. Multiple Investigator Awards

34. ENG Education

35. NSF Investment Timeline • President eliminates education programs at NSF Coalitions ABET Graduate Engineering Fellowships & Traineeships Course & Curriculum Development  Instrumentation & Laboratory Improvement  UG Faculty Enhancement • NAE Center for Advancement • of Scholarship in Engineering Education • Science, Technology, Engineering & • Mathematics Talent Expansion Program • Department Level Reform • Research Experience for Teachers • Centers for Teaching and Learning 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 • American Competitiveness • Initiative • NA Rising Above the • Gathering Storm • NAE Engineer of 2020 and Educating the • Engineer of 2020 • Engineering Education • Departments • Research Agenda for • Engineering Education • National Science Board • Homer Neal Report • Presidential Young • Investigators • Engineering Research Centers • Calculus Reform • Instructional Labs • Research Experience for Undergraduates Model Institutions for Excellence ADVANCE Louis Stokes Alliances for Minority Participation Alliances for Graduate Education and the Professoriate Advanced Technological Education

36. Research Experiences for UndergraduatesREU Background • To encourage U.S. citizens to pursue doctoral studies by engaging them in research as undergraduates • Includes both REU sites and supplements ENG REU Investment (In Millions) ENG REU Investment (% of total NSF REU)

37. Research Experiences for UndergraduatesFindings • SRI evaluated the NSF-wide program in 2006 • Included almost 15,000 respondents • Engineering-specific results were not obtained • In general, there is significantly higher graduate school attendance, increased understanding of research processes, and increased awareness and interest of academic and research careers • For example, • 6 in 10 participants indicated that REUs were important in their decision to apply to graduate school • Half to two-thirds of the respondents reported that their REUs increased their interest in STEM careers and research • Recommendations include REUs and inquiry-based activities earlier in student’s programs

38. Research Experiences for TeachersRET Background • Supports the active involvement of K-12 teachers and community college faculty in engineering research • Brings knowledge of engineering and technological innovation into pre-college classrooms ENG RET Investment (% of total NSF RET) ENG RET Investment (In Millions)

39. Research Experiences for TeachersFindings • SRI completed an assessment of RET in selected fields of engineering in 2006 finding: • Teachers add engineering content and process to their pre-college courses. 94 percent of teachers reported increased motivation to find ways to improve student learning, and 89 percent of teachers reported increased confidence in teaching science and math. • Teachers report dramatic increase in understanding of engineering. They are much better prepared to counsel students to pursue engineering. • Need to provide continuing opportunities for teachers and faculty interactions.

40. Engineering Education Research • To increase our basic understanding of how students learn engineering so that our undergraduate and graduate engineering education can be transformed to meet the needs of the changing economy and society • Started in 2005 and the key topics are: • engineering education learning systems • engaging engineers in diversity • engineering assessment methodologies • engineering thinking and knowledge within social contexts • ENG invest approximately $12 million per year (in addition to REU and RET support noted above)

41. Research and Education ThemesFY 2007 – FY 2008

42. Directorate for Engineering Research and Education Themes FY 2007 – FY 2008 • To more effectively support fundamental research and education, the Directorate for Engineering (ENG) has identified five Research and Education Themes for FY 2007 – FY 2008. • The themes represent a convergence of fields, disciplines, and frontier opportunities that crosscut solicitations and divisions, and give general guidance on the potential future directions of engineering research. • Theme designations will evolve over time, reflecting the maturation of certain fields, the emergence of new fields, and the shift in demand from society for significant progress on grand challenges. Engineering spans the frontiers – from nanotechnology to alternative energy and complex systems.

43. Directorate for Engineering Research and Education Themes FY 2007 – FY 2008 • Complex Engineered and Natural Systems: Addresses unifying principles that enable modeling, prediction, and control of emergent behavior in complex systems. • This research also directly impacts a number of specific ACI research goals, including materials for improving structural performances during natural disasters, overcoming barriers to quantum information processing, and world-leading automation and control technologies. Algorithm simulates complex tornado behavior. • This research enhances our ability to understand • natural systems (e.g., ocean/atmosphere interactions, protein folding), • engineered systems (e.g., critical infrastructure, nanoscale self-assembly), and • interface of natural and engineered systems (e.g., brain/machine interface, DNA-based computers).

44. Directorate for Engineering Research and Education Themes FY 2007 – FY 2008 • Energy and the Environment: Frontier research to improve the cost, sustainability, and security of our nation’s energy system. Topics may include biofuels, hydrogen production, and solar and fuel cells. This research closely aligns with the ACI goals of hydrogen and solar energy, and research critical to alternative energy. • This research includes: Bacterial fuel cell that produces electricity as it cleanses wastewater. • performing fundamental research to discover new methods of energy conversion and distribution, • understanding reaction pathways for energy systems, • developing quantitative understanding of energy/environment interactions – including water – at the impact of these systems on society, and • evaluating energy workforce needs, and stimulating evolution of education programs.

45. Directorate for Engineering Research and Education Themes FY 2007 – FY 2008 • Innovation: Enables national competitiveness and the ability to foster and catalyze innovation, and the research needed to move from fundamental knowledge to societal benefit. Activities in this area will integrate research, education, and innovation – especially through existing programs such as SBIR/STTR, GOALI, I/UCRC, and PFI. MP3 innovation based on broad, integrated platform. • This theme includes three thrusts: • Research in the fundamentals of innovation: What do we know about the steps needed to move from knowledge to societal benefit? • Partnership opportunities: How can we provide new opportunities for advancing this knowledge toward society benefit? • Education for innovation: Educating a technology-enabled workforce with skills to excel in innovation.

46. Directorate for Engineering Research and Education Themes FY 2007 – FY 2008 • Manufacturing Frontiers: Research that catalyzes multiscale manufacturing, from fundamental metrology through atomic-scale control of raw materials. This supports ACI-related focus on nanofabrication and nanomanufacturing, automation and control technologies, and manufacturing innovations for more efficient production practices. “Craftsman-like” nanoparticle assembly module. • These opportunities manifest most clearly in the emerging field of nanotechnology and in the promise of nanomanufacturing. • Create quality-engineered nanomaterials in necessary quantities. • Perfect manufacturing on atomic and molecular scale. • Enable the design and assembly of systems and sub-systems that incorporate nanoscale elements and exploit functionality at the macroscale. • Facilitate the transfer of nanoscience discoveries to practical applications.

47. Directorate for Engineering Research and Education Themes FY 2007 – FY 2008 • Nanotechnology: NSF, through the National Nanotechnology Initiative, drives our nation’s efforts to lead the world in fundamental nanotechnology research. Topics span both active and complex nanosystems, which are critical for frontier technologies that harness the integration of biology, neurology, energy, and water resources. Self-assembling materials align to enable hydrogen storage. • Systematic control and manufacture at the nanoscale are envisioned to evolve into four overlapping generations of nanotechnology products: • passive nanostructures, • active nanostructures, • systems of nanosystems with three-dimensional features, and • heterogeneous molecular nanosystems.

48. EFRI

49. EFRI Office • EFRI will support higher risk, higher payoff opportunities leading to: • new research areas for NSF, ENG, and other agencies • new industries/capabilities resulting in a leadership position • significant progress on advancing a “grand challenge” • Successful topics would likely require: • small- to medium-sized interdisciplinary teams • the necessary time to demonstrate substantial progress and evidence for follow-on funding through other established mechanisms • The current investment for EFRI totals $25 million for 4-year awards at $500k per year.

50. EFRI Criteria • Transformative - Does the proposed topic represent an opportunity for a significant leap or paradigm shift in a research area, or have the potential to create a new research area? • National Need/Grand Challenge - Is there potential for making significant progress on a current national need or grand challenge? • Beyond One Division - Is the financial and research scope beyond the capabilities of one division? • Community Response - Is the community able to organize and effectively respond (but not in very large numbers; i.e., it is an "emerging" area)? • ENG Leadership - Are partnerships proposed, and if so, does NSF/ENG have a lead role?