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November 16 / 2006

November 16 / 2006. Cash for Rehabilitation Home owner driven housing reconstruction project in Sri Lanka A project funded by the people of Switzerland. Cash for Shelter. Cash : distribution of cash grants to affected populations for self-rehabilitation Shelter :

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November 16 / 2006

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  1. November 16 / 2006 Cash for Rehabilitation Home owner driven housing reconstruction project in Sri Lanka A project funded by the people of Switzerland

  2. Cash for Shelter • Cash : distribution of cash grants to affected populations for self-rehabilitation • Shelter : damaged houses as alternative to tents or temporary structures

  3. Reminder on “cash” approaches • Ownership Affected people decide on how to use the money They have the responsibility of their own recovery • Recovery Affected people reintegrate the social and economic system Avoids to maintain them in the logic of assistance • Economy No need for important and expensive implementation structure Triggers local economy

  4. Conditions for a successful participatory approach • Functioning economic system Material & labour supply Transport, services • Existing local structures Financial system (bank, post) Authorities • Local social solidarity Community Culture

  5. The Disaster More than 100’000 houses affected in a large range of destruction : Minor Damage Total Destruction 0 % Partly damaged Fully damaged ~40 % Appropriate for shelter DAMAGE 100 % Affected Divisions

  6. The Assessment • Risk / Disaster Reduction • Buffer zones, evacuation routes, EWS • Reconstruction standards • Criteria • Habitability (safety, structure) • Land / House ownership • Identification of damage (disaster/usual) • Beneficiary selection (rich/poor, vulnerable/affected) • Technical assessment • Precision (+ precision => - problems) • Coordination (gov/org) • Amount (basic repair or more – services, sanitation) • Options (cash for rent, support to host families) 200 m 100 m The initial Buffer Zone

  7. The Categories • Theoretically each house is a specific case Financial support according to damage • Ideally the simplest way would be only one category Lump sum as compensation (insurance concept) • Practically it depends on many different factors Political, financial, social, religious, ethnic

  8. The Categories in Sri Lanka Relocation (new plots) Donor built 50 m2 / 5’000 USD Inside Buffer Zone Fully Damaged 2'500 USD In 4 instalments Outside Buffer Zone In situ Self- reconstruction No specifications Partly Damaged 1'000 USD In 2 instalments

  9. The Program • Through multiple, conditional cash grants, the program aims to assist all affected house owners living outside the buffer zone to repair or reconstruct fully or partially destroyed houses. • It is a nation wide Government of Sri Lanka program. • Principle : a house for a house • Eligibility criteria : Tsunami affected Prove ownership of land

  10. 1st instalment 500 $ Foundation 2nd instalment 600 $ Walls 3rd instalment 800 $ Roof 4th instalment 600 $ Doors & Wind. The Payment system • 2’500 USD for fully damaged in 4 instalments • 1’000 USD for partly damaged in 2 instalments Partially damaged Fully damaged 1st instalment 500 $ 50 % 2nd instalment 500 $ 100 %

  11. Implementation aspects • Cash distribution Payments verification Monitoring use of money Security • Reconstruction Availability/prices of material Monitoring progress Technical support • Administration Beneficiaries' lists Instalment release Coordination/information

  12. Personnel Structure • Coordination National level Policy dialogue Donor/Gov coordination • Management support Regional level Transparency Project management Information platform • Technical support Beneficiary level Training Verification & Monitoring Awareness INFORMATION

  13. General Operational Challenges • Beneficiary identification Establish national beneficiary database • Standards Design, construction • Coordination Local gov. /Int. agencies

  14. Specific Operational Challenges • Limit between early recovery and reconstruction Houses designs, prices, standards • Over-funding Prices, duplication, demands • Capacities Local / International

  15. Construction standards South North

  16. Design standards Government designs

  17. Traditional designs

  18. Early Recovery Provision of Shelter Reconstruction of damage Little infrastructure change Approaches Reconstruction Reconstruction of villages Planning New infrastructures

  19. Affected populations Tsunami Hikkaduwa (South) Conflict Jaffna (North)

  20. Lessons learned • Local authorities need support Support to local initiatives enhances chances of success • Information platform is fundamental Each situation needs specific information exchange system • Transparency promotes equity Projects and assessments are usually run in parallel Duplication is more and more accepted (over-funding)

  21. Questions

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