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Judaism

Judaism. “The Chosen People”. About 14 million Jews . Originated in the Middle East 4000 years ago. Jewish Lunar Calendar 2013=5773. 3 Main Jewish Beliefs. 1. Monotheistic. 2. The Chosen People. 3. Messiah. Torah= Old Testament. Talmud=Collections of Jewish Writings.

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Judaism

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  1. Judaism “The Chosen People”

  2. About 14 million Jews

  3. Originated in the Middle East 4000 years ago

  4. Jewish Lunar Calendar2013=5773

  5. 3 Main Jewish Beliefs

  6. 1. Monotheistic

  7. 2. The Chosen People

  8. 3. Messiah

  9. Torah= Old Testament

  10. Talmud=Collections of Jewish Writings

  11. Hebrew Spelling of God • YHWH • G-d

  12. Biblical Judaism1800 BCE-1 CE Abraham Moses King Saul King David King Solomon Temple  Temple destroyed  Temple rededicated  --Hanukkah

  13. Classical Judaism1 CE- 700 CE Romans destroy the 2nd Temple  The Western Wall/Wailing Wall is all that is left Diaspora: 2000 years of Jews living away from their homeland Exile and persecution

  14. Medieval Judaism600 CE-1600 CE • Jews’ living conditions varied from place to place. • Under Muslim rule: peaceful coexistence throughout much of Spain, Africa, and the Near East.

  15. Medieval Judaism600 CE- 1600 CE • Under Christian rule: rampant persecution and resentment of their success in business. • Banished to ghettos • Exiled to Poland and Spain Roots of anti-Semitism

  16. Jewish Mysticism • Kabbalah teaches that God can be known best by looking inward, with the heart, through love. • Moses Maimonides • Famous Jewish mystic

  17. Modern Judaism1700 CE-present • Hasidism= Ultra-Orthodox Jew.

  18. Zaddik—holy man in the Hasidic community

  19. Zionism-movement committed to establishment of state of Israel

  20. Holocaust or “Shoah”

  21. Jerusalem to Jews:Western Wall: King Solomon’s Temple and the Ark of the Covenant

  22. Jerusalem to Christians: Church of the Holy Sepulcher place where Jesus was crucified

  23. Jerusalem to Muslims:Dome of the Rock place where Muhammad ascended into heaven

  24. 1948: Jews moved in and displaced Palestinians already living there. That’s why there is so much fighting there.

  25. Branches of Judaism:1. Reform (liberal) • Believes that as society changes, so must Judaism • Relaxed about rules • Worship spoken in English • Women can be rabbis • Largest branch in US • Zionists

  26. 2. Orthodox(strict) • Every word of the Torah was given directly to Moses from God, so NOTHING can be changed. • Deeply traditional • Follow Kosher food laws • Worship in Hebrew; men and women separated • Wear yarmulkes, modest dress and behavior • Hasidic Jews are Orthodox Jews • Smallest branch

  27. 3. Conservative • Somewhere in between Reform and Orthodox • Less strict regarding Jewish practices • Observe kosher food laws and wear yarmulkes • Women can be rabbis • Worship in Hebrew or English • 2nd largest branch

  28. Kosher Laws

  29. Shabbat/ Sabbath

  30. Rosh Hashanah

  31. Yom Kippur

  32. Hanukkah

  33. Pesach/Passover

  34. Yom Hashoah

  35. Anti-Semitism

  36. Diaspora

  37. Covenant:agreement between God and the Israelites

  38. Rabbis

  39. Mezuzah

  40. Matzah

  41. Huppah

  42. Haggadah

  43. Bar/Bat Mitzvah

  44. Circumcision

  45. Shivah • “seven” • Sitting Shivah • Week-long period of mourning for relatives

  46. Synagogue

  47. Synagogue

  48. Yarmulkes/Kippahs

  49. Yarmulke/kippah

  50. Tallit

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