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The Nature of Waves

The Nature of Waves. Pgs. 4 - 9. Waves are Everywhere. A wave is any disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space. There are waves in the ocean, microwaves, light waves from the sun, radio waves, and sound waves. Where are waves in your everyday life?. Waves Carry Energy.

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The Nature of Waves

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  1. The Nature of Waves Pgs. 4 - 9

  2. Waves are Everywhere • A wave is any disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space. • There are waves in the ocean, microwaves, light waves from the sun, radio waves, and sound waves. • Where are waves in your everyday life?

  3. Waves Carry Energy • Energy can be carried away from its source by a wave, but the material through which the wave travels does not move with the energy. • For example, when you talk on the phone, you do not get a rush of air in your ear every time you hear someone talk.

  4. Waves use energy to do work on everything in its path. • Objects floating in the ocean are moved up and down by waves as they pass.

  5. Energy Transfer Through a Medium • A medium is a substance through which a wave can travel, such as a solid, liquid or gas. • When particles vibrate, they pass energy to the particles next to them. • The energy of the wave is transmitted through the particles of the medium.

  6. Waves that require a medium are: sound waves, ocean waves, seismic waves, and waves on a guitar or cello strings. • Waves that require a medium are called mechanical waves.

  7. Energy Transfer Without a Medium • Waves that do not require a medium are: visible light, microwaves, TV and radio waves, x-rays, gamma rays, infrared waves. • These waves are all called electromagnetic waves. • They can travel through substances, but are not required to travel through them.

  8. Types of Waves • Waves are also grouped on how they move in a medium. • Transverse waves move perpendicular to the direction the wave travels. • Transverse waves have crests, high points, and troughs, low points. • All electromagnetic waves are considered transverse waves.

  9. Longitudinal waves • Longitudinal waves vibrate back and forth along the path the wave travels. • These waves have compressions, areas where particles are crowded, and rarefractions, areas where particles are spread out. • They are similar to crests and troughs.

  10. Combinations of Waves • Waves can combine when they occur at the boundary between two media. • A longitudinal and transverse wave combine to form a surface wave. • Surface waves look like transverse waves but move in circles, rather than up and down.

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