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NTTS CONFERENCE 2017 InGRID satellite event Brussels 13 March 2017

NTTS CONFERENCE 2017 InGRID satellite event Brussels 13 March 2017. Multidimensional indicators to measure children’s living conditions and deprivation. Caterina Giusti, Monica Pratesi University of Pisa Antonella D’Agostino University “Parthenope” of Naples Antoanneta Potsi

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NTTS CONFERENCE 2017 InGRID satellite event Brussels 13 March 2017

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  1. NTTS CONFERENCE 2017InGRIDsatellite eventBrussels 13 March2017 Multidimensional indicators to measure children’s living conditions and deprivation Caterina Giusti, Monica Pratesi University of Pisa Antonella D’Agostino University “Parthenope” of Naples Antoanneta Potsi Bergische Universität Wuppertal

  2. Aimofthestudy • The aim is to broaden the discussion on the crucialtopic on children’swell-being, adding some interestingpoints to the currentliterature. • We investigated children capability deprivation in Italy, country chosen as exemplary where human development is challenged in times of social crisis.

  3. The Capability Approach (CA) • The CA is an alternative normative framework for the evaluation of human development, well-being and freedom which considers human functionings and capabilities. • Functionings are ‘‘features of the state of an existence of a person’’ (Hawthorn 1987) while capabilities represent what people are able to do or to be (Sen, 1999) • Capabilities represent the essential fulcrum between material resources (commodities) and human achievements (Dean, 2009).

  4. Childrenandthe CA • Sen argues (1999:5) that “the capabilities that adults enjoy are deeply conditional on their experience as children but being a child is about more than the adult you will become”. • Deficiencies in important capabilities during childhood not only reduce the well-being of those suffering from the deficiencies, but may also have larger societal implications (Klasen 2001; Biggeri 2007).

  5. The multidimensional and fuzzyapproach Mainfeatures of thismethodology: • Povertyis a multidimensionalconcept, involvingseveralaspects of monetary and non monetarydeprivation (supplementary indicators of the level of living) • The conventionalclassificationpoor/non poorisreplaced by the specification of a membershipfunction to the set of poor (ranging from 0 to 1): poverty/deprivation as a matter of degree • Fuzzy multi-dimensional poverty: Fuzzy monetary and a set of Fuzzy supplementary indicators each measuring a non-monetary domain Somequantitative approach is essential: • We use the Integrated and Fuzzy Relative approach (Lemmi et al. 2010)

  6. The multidimensional and fuzzyapproach • The fuzzymethodologyisable to preserve the richness of the capability approach suggested by Amartya Sen - notions such as ‘well-being’ can be inexact or vague. • The use of fuzzy methodologies under the capability approach has already been explored by some authors in a theoretical and applied perspective (ChiapperoMartinetti 2006, Addabbo and Facchinetti 2013), but none of these works presented a framework for the study of children living conditions.

  7. Empiricalanalysis • Data: Italian EU-SILC 2009 survey. • 19,128 individuals from 5,030 households with at least one child aged 0-14 (37.2% out of the all sampled of households). • Disaggregated level of analysis: single parent household, household educational level, macro-regions.

  8. Capabilities and domains • Being able to laugh, to play, to enjoy recreational activities (PLAY) • To be adequately nourished and dressed (NUTRITION & CLOTHING) • To be able to deal with the unexpected dues (FINANCIAL) • Social interaction: Being able to be part of a group, interact with other children (AFFILIATION & SOCIAL PARTICIPATION) • To have adequate shelter (SHELTER) • Being able to live in safety (SAFETY) • Bodily health: Being able to have good health (BODILY HEALTH)

  9. Items and domains

  10. Findings HCR (percentage of individuals living in households with income below the poverty line)

  11. Findings Fuzzy and multidimensionalpovertymeasures (householdswith children)

  12. Findings: macro-regions

  13. Findings: householdtypology

  14. Findings: educational level

  15. Findings • Monetarydeprivationisonly an aspect of Italianchildren’swell-being. • Italianchildrenappear more vulnerable with respectto life outside the family. Aspectswhich are more relatedto family dimensions are more amenable to alternative non-monetaryresourcing (e.g. foodand clothing), whilesuchsolutions are lessavailable for aspects of social life and the quality of environment.

  16. Future work • We have already extended the present study to other European countries • We are performing the analyses using EU-SILC 2014 data to get some insides on the effect of the financial crisis on European children • Weare also workingtoperformtheanalysis at regional level (upon availabilityof EU-SILC data) • From a methodologicalpointofviewweaim at computingstandarderrorsforthefuzzymeasuresfollowingthemethodologyrecentlyproposedby Betti et al. (2016)

  17. Presentation available at www.inclusivegrowth.be

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