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Expressing Quantity

Expressing Quantity. Grammar. Test your grammar. Test your grammar. Which words can complete the expressions of quantity? a few cars/ traffic/ hold-ups/ pollution not many crimes/ criminals/ violence/ accidents several times/ letters/ paper/ rooms very little time/ room/ hope/ spaces

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Expressing Quantity

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  1. Expressing Quantity Grammar

  2. Test your grammar

  3. Test your grammar Which words can complete the expressions of quantity? • a few cars/ traffic/ hold-ups/ pollution • not many crimes/ criminals/ violence/ accidents • several times/ letters/ paper/ rooms • very little time/ room/ hope/ spaces • not much jobs/ unemployment/ work/ experience

  4. Test your grammar Which words can complete the expressions of quantity? • a bit of luck/ opportunity/ fun/ help • a lot of enthusiasm/ energy/ people/ ingredients • enough chairs/ food/ herbs/ cutlery • plenty of fresh air/ fluids/ sleep/ walks • hardly any money/ experience / clothes/ friends

  5. QUANTIFIERS

  6. Quantifiers Examples • He has made five TV series, written several books, and still does around twenty live shows a year. • “A little bit of luck, a little bit of passion, and a little bit of knowledge!”

  7. Quantifiers The following can be used before a noun:

  8. Quantifiers

  9. Quantifiers

  10. Notes 1. Most of the Quantifiers can be used without a noun. No, all, veryandeachcannot. Examples _ Have you got any money? Not much./ A little. _ Are there any eggs? A few./ Not many. _ Have some wine. I don’t want any. _ How many people came? Very few. _ Have some more tea. I’ve got some.

  11. Notes 2. Most of the Quantifiers can be used with of + the/my/those/… + noun. No and every cannot. Examples _ They took all of my money. _ Take a few of these tablets. _ Some of the people at the party started dancing.

  12. Notes 3. For no and every, we use none, every one or all: Examples _ None of the audience was listening. _ All of the hotels were booked.

  13. Notes 4. Formal/ Informal • Formal English: none + singular form of verb. _ None of the guests has arrived yet. • Informal English: none + singular/ plural form of verb. _ None of my friends smoke.

  14. Some, any, somebody, anything

  15. some, any, somebody, anything • some and its compounds are used in affirmative sentences. • any and its compounds are used in negative sentences and questions. Examples: • I need some help. • I need somebody to help me. • I don’t need any shopping. • We can’t go anywhere in this whether.

  16. some, any, somebody, anything • some and its compounds are used in request, invitations, or when we expect the answer “yes”. Examples: • Have you got some money you could lend me? • Would you like something to eat? • Did someone phone me last night?

  17. some, any, somebody, anything • any and its compounds are used in affirmative sentences that have a negative meaning. Examples: • He never has any money. • You made hardlyany mistakes. • I made the cake myself withoutany help.

  18. some, any, somebody, anything • any and its compounds are used to express It doesn’t matter which/who/where. Examples: • Take any book you like. I don’t mind. • Anyone will tell you 2 and 2 makes 4. • Sit anywhere you like.

  19. Nobody, no one, nowhere, nothing

  20. nobody, no one, no where, nothing • These are more emphatic forms. Examples: • I saw nobody all weekend. • I have eaten nothing all day.

  21. nobody, no one, no where, nothing • They can be used at the beginning of sentences. Examples: • No one was saved. • Nobody understands me. • Nowhere was safe anymore.

  22. Much,many, a lot of, lots of, a great deal of, a large number of, plenty of

  23. much, many, a lot of, lots of, a great deal of, a large number of, plenty of • much and many are usually used in questions and negatives. Examples: • How much does it cost? • How many people came to the party? • I don’t have much money. • You don’t see many snakes in England.

  24. much, many, a lot of, lots of, a great deal of, a large number of, plenty of • We find much and many in affirmative sentences after so, as and too. Examples: • He has somuch money that he doesn’t know what to do with it. • She hasn’t got as many friends as I have. • You made toomany mistakes.

  25. much, many, a lot of, lots of, a great deal of, a large number of, plenty of • In affirmative sentences, the following forms are found: • Plenty of • Lots of • A lot of • A great deal of • A large number of • Many • much

  26. much, many, a lot of, lots of, a great deal of, a large number of, plenty of • Spoken/Informal • There will be plenty of food/people. (uncountable and countable) • We’ve got lots of time/friends. (uncountable and countable) • I’ve lost a lot of furniture/things. (uncountable and countable) • Written/More formal • A great deal of money was lost during the strike. (uncountable) • A large number of strikes are caused by bad management.(countable) • Many word leaders are quite young. (countable) • Much time is wasted in trivial pursuits. (countable)

  27. much, many, a lot of, lots of, a great deal of, a large number of, plenty of • These forms are found without nouns: • _ Have you got enough socks? _Lots. • _ How many people were there? _ A lot. • _ Don’t worry about food. We’ve got plenty.

  28. Little, few, less, fewer

  29. little, few, less, fewer • A little and a few express a small amount or number in a positive way. Although there is only a little, it is probably enough. • Can you lend me a little sugar? • A few friends are coming round tonight.

  30. little, few, less, fewer • Few and little express a small amount or number in a negative way. There is not enough. • Very few people passed the exam. • There is very little milk left.

  31. little, few, less, fewer • Comparative: few  fewer little  less • Fewer people go to church these day. (countable noun) • I spend less and less time doing what I want to. (uncountable noun)

  32. all

  33. all • We do not usually use all to mean everybody/ everyone/ everything. But if all is followed by a relative clause, it can mean everything. • All (that) I have is yours. • I spend all I earn. • This structure can have a negative meaning, expressing ideas such as nothing more or only this. • All I want is a place to sleep. • All I have is a couple f beers.

  34. all • Before a noun with a determiner, both all and all of are possible. • You eat all (of) the time. • All (of) my friends are coming tonight. • Before a noun with no determiner, we use all. • All people are born equal.

  35. all • With personal pronouns, we use all of. • All ofyou passed. Well done! • I don’t need these books. You can have all ofthem.

  36. Move to PRACTICE and see how much you have learnt! Thank you for your attention!

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