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Molecular Life Science Review

Molecular Life Science Review. June 15, 2003 Learning objectives- What is sickle cell anemia? Increased knowledge of the structure of atoms, molecules, and biomolecules Central Dogma How DNA mutations result in abnormal proteins Protein structure classifications

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Molecular Life Science Review

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  1. Molecular Life Science Review • June 15, 2003 • Learning objectives- • What is sickle cell anemia? • Increased knowledge of the structure of atoms, molecules, and biomolecules • Central Dogma • How DNA mutations result in abnormal proteins • Protein structure classifications • How to perform comparisons of protein sequences • Workshops- • Import cytochrome C sequences of different species. Perform Clustal W comparison • Find out the molecular basis of sickle cell anemia

  2. Symptoms of Sickle Cell Anemia • kidney damage and loss of body water in urine • painful erections in men (priapism) • blood blockage in the spleen or liver (sequestration) • eye damage • low red blood cell counts (anemia) • delayed growth • pain episodes • strokes • increased infections • leg ulcers • bone damage • yellow eyes or jaundice • early gallstones • lung blockage

  3. Hierarchy of particles Atoms (Eg. C, H, O, N) Molecules (Eg. H2O, CH4) small Biomolecules (Eg. Sugars, amino acids) large Biomolecules (Eg. polysacharrides, proteins)

  4. Example of ionic bond

  5. Chemical Reactions H + H  H2 2H2O 2H2 + O2 O + O  O2

  6. Covalent Bonds (electrons shared)

  7. pH scale. A convenient method to measure the concentration of H+ pH = -log[H+] Remember pH + pOH = 14 M = 1 mole/liter

  8. Amino acid characteristics

  9. Website for Amino acid interactive Workshop • Amino acids • 1 • 2

  10. Website for interactive workshop for DNA analysis • DNA sequence • Write the primary sequence of the DNA displayed in 3B • http://www.blc.arizona.edu/Molecular_Graphics/DNA_Structure/DNA_Tutorial.HTML • http://www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/dnast.htm

  11. Interactive display of amino acid and codons

  12. Translation exercise Translate the following sequence using the codon table: ATGGUGCACCUGACUCCUGAGGAGAAG Perform same procedure using a software program: http://us.expasy.org/tools/dna.html

  13. Central Dogma DNA RNA Protein

  14. DNA RNA (with ribosomes)

  15. *

  16. FASTA format >gi|1244762|gb|AAA98563.1| p53 tumor suppressor homolog MSQGTSPNSQETFNLLWDSLEQVTANEYTQIHERGVGYEYHEAEPDQTSLEISAYRIAQPDPYGRSESYD LLNPIINQIPAPMPIADTQNNPLVNHCPYEDMPVSSTPYSPHDHVQSPQPSVPSNIKYPGEYVFEMSFAQ PSKETKSTTWTYSEKLDKLYVRMATTCPVRFKTARPPPSGCQIRAMPIYMKPEHVQEVVKRCPNHATAKE HNEKHPAPLHIVRCEHKLAKYHEDKYSGRQSVLIPHEMPQAGSEWVVNLYQFMCLGSCVGGPNRRPIQLV FTLEKDNQVLGRRAVEVRICACPGRDRKADEKASLVSKPPSPKKNGFPQRSLVLTNDITKITPKKRKIDD ECFTLKVRGRENYEILCKLRDIMELAARIPEAERLLYKQERQAPIGRLTSLPSSSSNGSQDGSRSSTAFS TSDSSQVNSSQNNTQMVNGQVPHEEETPVTKCEPTENTIAQWLTKLGLQAYIDNFQQKGLHNMFQLDEFT LEDLQSMRIGTGHRNKIWKSLLDYRRLLSSGTESQALQHAASNASTLSVGSQNSYCPGFYEVTRYTYKHT ISYL

  17. Multiple sequence alignment • Human-locus number AAA35732 • Dog-locus number CCDG • Yeast-locus number from structure or protein sequence database • 1YCC • CLUSTAL PROGRAM

  18. Workshop • Find out the chromosomal location of the gene that causes sickle cell anemia. • Give the name of the gene. • Find out the nucleotide change and amino acid change that leads to sickle cell anemia (there may be more than one change that gives rise to the disease) • If sickle cell anemia is so devastating, why has it lasted in the population for such a long time? Give a molecular explanation (you may have to do a little research to get this) • Print out answers and show instructor.

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