The Story of The United States

1. The Story of The United States • 1607 • 1877 A Last Minute Look At what YOU’VE already learned this year!

2. EXPLORATION (happened first but just remember why we came…) • Europeans came to find gold and shortcut to Asia • Spain took lead, then France, then England • England established the 13 colonies that eventually became the United States!

3. COLONIZATION (The First era WE Studied) Began in 1607 with successful English settlement at Jamestown and lasted until American Independence (the 2nd era) was declared in 1776!

4. & • John Smith • Pocahontas The two worked together to establish relations between the Jamestown settlers and the Powhattan Indians but it was JOHN ROLFE who cultivated the tobacco plant and made Jamestown a money-making venture. Thus Virginia became a Southern leader in its ability to grow cash crops!

5. Next - Way Up North PLYMOUTH, Massachusetts Settled by the PILGRIMS looking for RELIGIOUS FREEDOM. They signed the MAYFLOWER COMPACT IN 1620, a document of self-government. But built a “pure” society based on the Bible!

6. 13 different colonies developed into three regions known as New England, The South, and The Middle.

7. New England • Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Connecticut • Economics based on fishing, shipbuilding, and whaling because of rocky soil • Very religious especially in Mass. – nonconformists kicked out and formed other areas – even killed a few witches! • Boston, Mass developed into major port • First public schools

8. The Middle Colonies • Delaware, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland (to a degree) • Very diverse and thus more tolerant of others – freer society because of William Penn and the Quakers • New York City developed into major port • Economics were based on survival of family – subsistence farming, good soil, warm climate • Private Schools

9. And back to The South • Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, and Maryland (economically) • Developed cash crops which demanded large work force causing need for slavery • Economics based on plantation system • Hot climate, great soil • Tax-supported churches, no public schools

10. The French and Indian War=TAXATION on the COLONIES

11. The Road to Revolution Proclamation of 1763 Sugar Act Currency Act Stamp Act Quartering Act • Bad Ol' King George

12. The Boston Massacre

13. Tea Party Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty

14. The American Revolution Begins 1774 – INTOLERABLE ACTS 1774 - First Continental Congress 1775 - Lexington and Concord – the shot heard around the world (for freedom) The British are coming!

15. Thomas Paine writes Common Sense • The 2nd Continental Congress Debates and signs the Declaration of Independence written mainly by Thomas Jefferson. 1776

16. Winter at Valley Forge – Starvation SARATOGA – Turning Point YORKTOWN – Final Battle The United States Wins!!!! • Only With the Help Lafayette Baron Von Steuben • of foreigners were we to win! YORKTOWN

17. A New Government Was Formed Under The Articles of Confederation! Georgia New York Massa- chusetts The United States North Carolina New Hampshire New Jersey = South Carolina Penn- sylvania Rhode Island Virginia Delaware Connecti- cutt Maryland State Power Equaled Federal Power

18. Some Good Things aboutThe Articles of Confederation • Passed Northwest Ordinance allowing new territories to become equal states and banned slavery in territories • Ran an underground government during Revolutionary War • Passed Treaty of Paris of 1783

19. But still, The new government just didn't work! • No Executive • No Power to Tax • No Courts • A new system was needed!

20. The US Constitution • 1787 -The 3rd Era We Studied • Solved the Problem

21. A Federal System of Government was Formed • 1787 • 1787 The States The People

22. But Not Without Some Debate • What about people’s rights? • Isn’t a strong government evil? • Have we forgotten what we fought for? • The Federalists versus the Anti-Federalists

23. The Constitution set up the Government and told it whattodo and how to do it! So they went further and passed • The Bill of Rights which told the Government what it couldn't do! No State Church No Restrictions on Religious Exercise No Restrictions on Speech No Soldiers in Your House No Failure to Give Citizens Due Process

24. and then the 4th era - westward we go... • And the country The Louisiana Purchase 1803 • bought by President Jefferson the Democratic Republican • Began to Grow!

25. Lewis and Clark • Lewis & • Clark Mapped the new territory with the help of Sacajawea & York!

26. Our nation was challenged again! The War of 1812 • impressment of our sailors - remember

27. We Won – And finally had the Respect of the World • Americans were patriotic • The Star Spangled Banner was published. • Textile Mills and Factories Boomed up North • Cotton gin caused increase of slavery down south • Here comes the Era of Good Feeling with President Monroe

28. And POLITICALLY things got hot! • Election of 1824 • John Quincy Adams • Andrew Jackson • Two Strong Contestants Appeared after Election

29. Election of 1824Candidate Party ElectoralVote PopularVote Presidential John Quincy Adams (MA) Democratic-Republican 84 115,696 Henry Clay (KY) “ 37 47,136 Andrew Jackson (TN) “ 99 152,933 William H. Crawford (GA) “ 41 46,979 • There was NO majority!

30. Adams Won the House’s vote but Jackson won the hearts of America four years later and

31. The Trail of Tears

32. And then we grew some more! • It was our MANIFEST DESTINY!

33. TEXAS • and off to war with MEXICO

34. The Victory cost Mexico dearly! • Colorado • Nevada • Utah • Arizona • New Mexico • California

35. And Americans moved across the land! • To Oregon! • Gold in California! • Mormons to Utah • Trails, trails, trails

36. WouldSlavery follow Americans out West? • John Calhoun • Many people didn't want it too! • Many people did! • Daniel Webster • Henry Clay 1. Compromise of 18502. Fugitive Slave Laws3. Dred Scott Decision4. Missouri Compromise5. Kansas-Nebraska Act • Each time, a compromise was made!

37. AbolitionistsHated Slavery! People like Frederick Douglass, Horace Greeley, and Harriet Beecher Stowe used their influence to argue against slavery!

38. Secessionists knew slavery was the key to their economic success!

39. Why Even Those Women Got Involved • Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the Seneca Falls Convention for Women • Dorothea Dix for the imprisoned and handicapped • The Grimke Sisters for the Slaves • Sojourner Truth – “Ain’t I a Woman?”

40. And then Came More Conflict! • John Brown and Harper’s Ferry • Harriet Tubman’s Underground Railroad • Harriett Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Dred Scott Case

41. Lincoln is Elected (the 1st Republican); The South Secedes! What will happen to these non United States?

42. The North • The South Has its military leaders, its culture, and its cause! Has the railroads, manpower, factories, and money. • The Civil War 1861-65 the 5th era

43. Ft. Sumter is first! • Gettysburg and Vicksburg turn it around for the North

45. Lee Surrenders at Appomattox • The North Wins! The Union of the United States Survives!

46. But Five Days Later • Lincoln is killed

47. Reconstruction • will be harder and different than Lincoln wanted

48. But Slavery Would End –The Civil War Amendments • 13th Amendment – Frees Slaves • 14th Amendment – Rights of Citizenship to African Americans • 15th Amendment – Right to vote to African American males

49. And we would continue to grow… • Homestead Act • Dawes Act • Morrill Act The transcontinental railroad is finished!