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War and the Media: The Clash of Cultures in Total Propaganda

Explore the impact of media on war, from propaganda to public affairs, and the clash between military values and media values. Analyze the role of media in shaping public perception of wars of national survival and the evolution of reporting from traditional to alternative players.

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War and the Media: The Clash of Cultures in Total Propaganda

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  1. WAR AND THE MEDIA Philip M Taylor Prof. of International Communications

  2. Real War and Media War • Not the same thing! • For non-combatants, war is a mediated event • Mediation creates distance, despite an ‘illusion of reality’ • How much can be shown vs. how much should be shown?

  3. Wars of national Survival • 1914-18, 1939-45 • ‘Total War’, bombing and a narrowing of the gap between soldier and civilian • Morale of civilians as well as of soldiers • Total War = Total Propaganda

  4. Propaganda Definition • The planned use of information targeted at specific audiences using any media available to achieve desired outcomes that primarily benefit the source • Persuasion by commission and omission (i.e. censorship)

  5. The role of the media • Patriot or propagandist? • Lapdog or watchdog? • Observer, participant or catalyst? • The ‘CNN Effect’ • Report from both sides?

  6. The Clash of Cultures THE MILITARY RESPECT…. • Authority • Order • Hierarchy • Co-operation • Team-work • Continuity/Tradition • Togetherness • Institutions THE MEDIA VALUES… • Hate authority • Chaos is a good story • Dog eat dog • Competition • Individualism • That’s history, not news • Dog eat cat • Human Interest

  7. The Rise of Public Affairs • Public Information/Media Operations • Our wars and Other Peoples’ Wars • Vietnam Syndrome • From the pools to the embedded • Command and Control

  8. Taking Command & Control of the Information Space • Can it be done in an age of mobile phones, internet access and ‘civilian reporters’? • Is it desirable in a global information space - the Jenin vacuum? • What about the new alternative players – eg Al Jazeera? • What about the new kids on the block?

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