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Battery

Battery. Operation Service Diagnosis. Battery. Source of Energy Reserve while running Stabilizer. P - C117. Battery. Converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Cells. # of cells Cell voltage How cells are connected. P - C120. Chemistry. During charging and discharging .

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Battery

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  1. Battery Operation Service Diagnosis

  2. Battery • Source of Energy • Reserve while running • Stabilizer P - C117

  3. Battery • Converts chemical energy into electrical energy

  4. Cells • # of cells • Cell voltage • How cells are connected P - C120

  5. Chemistry • During charging and discharging

  6. Charged • + = Pb O2 (Pure lead peroxide) • - = Pb (Sponge lead) • Solution = H2 SO4 • Solution of Sulfuric acid & water

  7. Discharging • + = PbSO4 • - = PbSO4 • Plates turn to Lead Sulfate • Solution = H2O

  8. Why do batteries freeze?

  9. Reversing the cycle again

  10. Battery Gassing During discharge During charge

  11. Batteries do blow up

  12. Precautions • Remove grd. term. first • Connect grd. last • Jumper/charger on block • Corrosive

  13. Precautions • when jumping a battery • when using a charger • when disconnecting a cable • when using any flame source

  14. Construction P -C119

  15. Positive plate • Negative plate • Separator • Grid

  16. Conventional Battery P - C 118

  17. Larger plates Resistance to overcharging Longer shelf life Higher cold cranking rate Maintenance Free - pluses P - C125

  18. Grid growth - hot Can’t take being deep cycled Low reserve capacity Drain quick with a parasitic load Shorter life Maintenance Free - faults

  19. Low maintenance P - C124

  20. Hybrid Batteries • Calcium in the neg. plates • Antimony in the pos. plates • Allows deep cycling • Marine • Golf carts etc.. P -C125

  21. Recombination P - C127 • Has gel instead of liquid • Result - no gassing • higher cell voltage .1 • cold starting

  22. Terminals • Post • leakage • Side Terminal • “L” terminal • specialty and import P - C127

  23. Temperature • 0’ = 40% • Charge • Plate area • Impurities • Gassing

  24. Causes of battery failure

  25. Electrolyte level Overcharging Undercharging Corrosion Cycling Temperature Vibration Causes of failure

  26. State of charge testing

  27. Hydrometer • with float • with balls

  28. Open Circuit Voltage Test • Sealed batteries • Remove surface charge • 12.6 = fully charged • 12.4 = 3/4 charged P - L128

  29. A battery Must be 3/4 charged before doing a battery capacity test

  30. Before load testing - Check the temp.

  31. Before load testingyou must know what the battery is, or should be rated at The right battery for the vehicle

  32. Ratings P -C128 • Ampere-hour rating • Cold cranking rating • Reserve capacity rating • Watt hour rating

  33. Formula for load testing Three times the ampere-hour rating P - L130 Capacity Test

  34. Formula for load testing Cold cranking amps divided by 2

  35. Three minute charge test Tests for a sulfated battery • 40 amps for three minutes • Should be below 15.5 volts

  36. Battery Drain test or System drain test • Ammeter in series at the battery post with everything off • GM .1 P - L137-L139 lab

  37. Battery leakage test • Volt - at neg post • Volt + across battery • under 10 volts P - L126 lab.

  38. Fast / Slow charging P - L122 lab

  39. Battery cleaning P - L134 lab

  40. That's all folks

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