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Chapter 4 Airlift Bioreactor

Chapter 4 Airlift Bioreactor. Schematic Diagram. Introduction. Evolved from bubble column concept Recirculation of liquid through a downcomer connecting the top and bottom of the main bubbling section Efficient mixing by high circulation flow rate

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Chapter 4 Airlift Bioreactor

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  1. Chapter 4Airlift Bioreactor

  2. Schematic Diagram

  3. Introduction • Evolved from bubble column concept • Recirculation of liquid through a downcomer connecting the top and bottom of the main bubbling section • Efficient mixing by high circulation flow rate • No mechanical agitators – no large shear forces • Can satisfy a high oxygen demand • Eg. production of secondary metabolites by plant cells

  4. The Construction • Two types: ALR with internal loop and ALR with external loop • Continuous injection of air at the bottom of the riser creates a density difference with the downcomer as the air escapes at the top of the reactor. • Because of the density difference, a liquid flow from the bottom to the top exists in the riser and from the top to the bottom in the downcomer, resulting in circulation of continuous liq phase.

  5. Advantages of ALR • The absence of mechanically moving parts • A low shear rate • A low defect rate • Adequate gas-phase disengagement at the top • Unique combination of controlled flow and good mixing properties • Well-defined residence time • Easily operated under sterile conditions

  6. Types of ALR • Internal loop ALR (AILR) • External loop ALR (AELR)

  7. Advantages of AELR compared to AILR • A well-defined residence time in the individual sections of AELR • An adjustable gas-phase disengagement at the top • Accessability for measurement and control in both riser and downcomer • Excellent heat exchange and temp control • Optimal hydraulic diameter for both riser and downcomer and therefore low friction rate

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