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Medical Biotechnology Regenerative Medicine. Muhammad Adeel Faiza Asghar Amina Shakarullah. Focus Areas. What is Regenerative Medicine? Adeel What is the Current Perspectives and Therapeutic Potential of Regenerative Medicine? Amina A case study of Regenerative Medicine. Faiza.
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Medical BiotechnologyRegenerative Medicine Muhammad Adeel FaizaAsghar Amina Shakarullah
Focus Areas • What is Regenerative Medicine? Adeel • What is the Current Perspectives and Therapeutic Potential of Regenerative Medicine? Amina • A case study of Regenerative Medicine. Faiza
Regenerative Medicine • A personalized form of medicine. • It is the process of replacing or regenerating human cells, tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function.
Main Questions • How do cells know into what tissue they are to mature? • How do tissues maintain their structural and functional identity? • How do tissues coordinate their activities within the body? • Why can some tissues regenerate and not others? • Why can human fetuses regenerate limbs? • Why do newborn babies rarely scar?
Main Culprits • Genes • Growth Factors
Important Terms • Autologous Therapies (Patient’s own cells) Eg. Stem cells for liver cirrohsis Heart tissue repair (London, on-going clinical trial-initial testing positive) • Allogenic Therapies (cells from other sources) Eg. London Project to cure blindness • Tissue Engineering (modifying cells) Eg. Claudia’s trachea • Biomedical Engineering (biomedical device mimicing tissue/organ) Eg. Artificial Pancreas
Heparan Sulfate Analogues • Heparan sulfate analogues are polymers engineered to mimic several properties of heparan sulfates. • Heparan sulfates can sequester growth factors (GFs) and cytokines in the extracellular matrix(ECM) thereby protecting them from degradation. • However, at any site of inflammation, so also in wound areas, heparan sulfates are degraded, mainly by heparanases giving free access to protease to degrade the ECM and a subsequent loss of GFs and cytokines that disrupts the normal tissue homeostasis.
Importance • Heparan sulfate analogues are resistant to enzymatic reaction. • This way they strengthen the healing potential of the wound bed by repositioning GFs and cytokines back into the ECM.
Biomaterials A biomaterial is any material, natural or man-made, that comprises whole or part of a living structure or biomedical device which performs, auguments, or replaces a natural function.