230 likes | 368 Views
Bell Ringer: 11/16 & 11/17. Peter the Great wanted to ______________________ Russia by making it more like western Europe. The Seven Years War was fought on the continents of ______________ and _______________. Maria Theresa ruled _________________.
E N D
Bell Ringer: 11/16 & 11/17 • Peter the Great wanted to ______________________ Russia by making it more like western Europe. • The Seven Years War was fought on the continents of ______________ and _______________. • Maria Theresa ruled _________________. • ________________ the Great was the last of the European absolute monarchs.
Absolute Monarchs: England • Describe the four important monarchs from the Tudor Dynasty. • Describe the four important monarchs from the Stuart Dynasty. • Describe the events of the English Civil War. • Describe the actions of Oliver Cromwell. • Explain the significance of the Glorious Revolution.
Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen
The Tudors • Henry VIII • What do we know about him? • Edward VI • Son of Henry VIII • King at 10 • Died at 15
The Tudors • Mary I • Daughter of Henry VIII • “Bloody Mary” • Persecuted Protestants
The Tudors • Elizabeth I • What do we know about her? • Expanded the empire • Colonies • Victory over the Spanish Armada in 1588
Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why? Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen
The Stuarts: James I • Became king when Elizabeth I died • Clashed with the English Parliament • Insisted upon Divine Right and absolute powers • Published English bible • “King James Bible”
The Stuarts: Charles I • Son of James I • Refused to sign the Petition of Right that would have limited his powers • Dismissed Parliament in 1629 and refused to call them back into session
English Civil War – 1642-1649 • 1640: Parliament meets again • Parliament limits Charles’ power • Charles tried to arrest Parliament’s leaders, but they escaped • Civil War breaks out between Royalists vs. Roundheads Royalist – Someone who fought for the monarchy Roundhead – Someone who fought against the monarchy
King surrendered in 1646 • Charles I was charged with treason and sentenced to death • Charles I was beheaded publicly on January 30, 1649 Charles’ death sentence
Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why? Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen
The Commonwealth • Oliver Cromwell - leader of the Roundheads • 1654, Cromwell given the title Lord Protector • He demanded complete obedience • Laws against theater, drinking, dancing, gambling
The Stuarts: Charles II • “Restoration Parliament” brings back the monarchy • Parliament appoints Charles II (son of Charles I)
Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why? Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen
The Stuarts: James II • Third son of Charles I • Hid in France during the Commonwealth • James II was unpopular because he was Catholic and believed in absolute monarchy
James II and the Glorious Revolution Parliament overthrew James II in the “Glorious Revolution” Glorious Revolution = bloodless overthrow of James II
Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why? Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen
William & Mary • Mary and her husband William became King and Queen
Constitutional Monarchy William & Mary had to sign the English Bill of Rights FIRST England became a constitutional monarchy Monarchs could NOT tax without the consent of Parliament Trial by jury Freedom of speech Constitutional Monarchy = a monarchy that is limited by laws
And the winner is … Rights of Englishmen