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ITBP103: Principles of Information Technology. W-01 : Introduction to IT. The Road Map. Introduction to IT Database Representation and Storage Operating Systems Database Systems Networking and the Internet Programming Languages Software Engineering Artificial Intelligence.
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ITBP103: Principles of Information Technology W-01: Introduction to IT
The Road Map • Introduction to IT • Database Representation and Storage • Operating Systems • Database Systems • Networking and the Internet • Programming Languages • Software Engineering • Artificial Intelligence ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
What is Data, Information IT? • Data: • Raw facts, • Alphanumeric, image, audio, and video • Typically a result of specific measurements • qualitative or quantitative attributes of a variable or set of variables • Information: • Collection of facts • organized in such a way that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves • Helps in decision making • Knowledge: • resulting from interpreted information, cognitive perception and experience ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
The Process ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
Information Technology • The study, design, development, implementation, support or management of • computer-based information systems, • particularly software applications and computer hardware • Information Processing: • Acquisition, recording, organization, retrieval, display, and dissemination of information ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
Computer System Elements • Hardware • The physical components of a computer system • Software • written programs or procedures or rules and associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system • Firmware • coded instructions that are stored permanently in read-only memory (RAM) ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
Computer Architecture • Central Processing Unit (CPU) or processor • Arithmetic/Logic unit versus Control unit • Registers • General purpose • Special purpose • Input Devices • Keyboard • mouse • Output Devices • Monitor • Memory • Ram, ROM, EPROM..etc. • External Storage ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
Computer Architecture… contd. • Components are connected via Bus ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
Stored Program Concept • A program: • construct the software • can be encoded as bit patterns and stored in main memory. • The CPU can then extract the instructions and execute them. • Machine instruction: • An instruction (or command) encoded as a bit pattern recognizable by the CPU • Machine language: • The set of all instructions recognized by a machine ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
Data Transfer: • copy data from one location to another • Arithmetic/Logic: • use existing bit patterns to compute a new bit patterns • Control: • direct the execution of the program ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
Adding values stored in memory • Step 1: • Get one of the values to be added from memory and place it in a register • Step 2: • Get one of the other values to be added from memory and place it in another register • Step 3: • Activate the addition circuitry with registers used in steps 1 and 2 as inputs and another register designated to hold the result • Step 4: • Store the result in memory • Step 5: • Stop ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
Computer Elements ITBP301, FIT UAEU, AbdulMutalib Wahaishi (c)
