Directions in Distance Education for the K-12 classroom

1. Susan Pierce Samuel Ramos Nancy Shaw Directions in Distance Educationfor the K-12 classroom

2. Introduction In our ever changing world, electronics is always evolving, as we see traditional televisions replaced by plasma t.v.’s. For entertainment, the old eight track player is now succeeded by MP3 players and now IPOD’s. The way we learn, by attending a classroom in a College or University is being modified by the means of Distance learning.

3. Introduction Distance learning is a field of education that centers on the pedagogy and andragogy, technology and instruction systems design that wish to present education to students who are not physically on site. Rather than attending courses in person, teachers and students may communicate at times of their own.

4. Introduction Choosing by switching printed or electronic media, or through technology that allows them to communicate in real-time and through online ways. Distance education courses that demand a physical on-site presence for any reason including the taking of examinations is considered to be hybrid or fused courses of study. (Wikipedia.org)

5. ??? Quiz • By using technology, employees are then trained. This ensures a return on what a company invests on its employees. What is ROI? What do the letters ROI stand for? • Realize outstanding individuals • Return on Investment • Renew Ongoing Instruction

6. Leading Questions What Who When Why Where How

7. Who Pioneers • Sir Isaac Pitman • Anna Ticknor • J. Richard Gividen

8. What Beginning Stages • 1874 Wesleyan University • 1882 Chautauqua • 1926 National Home Study Council • 1920’s Radio • 1940’s TV • The Flying Classroom

9. ??? Quiz • In 1926, what was the one of the organizations formed that began to push for distance learning? • ACLU • National Home Study Council • Technology Integration Planning

10. What Characteristics • Fast access information • Access to experts • Fast communication to groups • Communication capabilities support collaboration • Access to learning material • Access to courses not locally available • Access to education for homebound students • Increased interaction among students & teachers

11. ??? Quiz • What is not a characteristic of Distance Learning? • Access to experts – not found locally • Any book published, now accessible on PDF • Access to homebound students, due to illness, or disability.

12. What Delivery Systems • Dale’s Cone of Experience • Telecourses • Web-based courses • Video-conferencing

13. What Types of Distance Learning • Student research • Online classroom materials • Web-based lessons • Virtual courses and programs John Dewey’s mode of LEARNING BY DOINGis at the heart of Distance learning. Finding out for oneself, playing with information is the central theme.

14. ??? Quiz • John Dewey’s MODE of learning by doing, means: • Information can be condensed on flash drives • Data can be lost, backup copies are essential • Finding out for oneself, working with information is the central theme.

15. What Advantages • Expressive and experiential potential • Customization • Attend college course according to your own schedule. • Complete much or all of your education via the internet • An online degree can be earned with 2-3 years • Online degree curriculums considers current industry trends, leading to greater opportunities for employment or career improvement • Coursework may be utilized immediately to your work settings.

16. What Disadvantages • Possibility of Isolation 1956 Gayle Childs Study 2001 Carol Twigg Study

17. ??? Quiz • What is not an advantage of Distance Learning? • Attend college courses at your own schedule • Reinforces individual isolation • Coursework may be utilized immediately to your environment.

18. ??? Quiz • Which of the following is NOT Web 2.0 • Blog • Wiki • Facs machine • email

19. What What is Distance Learning Like Now? • Course Management System • Site capturing software • Intranets • SmartBoard • Web CT • BlackBoard

20. When

21. Why Technology’s Impact on Learning Department of Education Forum (1995) • Positive effects • on attitude toward learning • on self -concept • on collaborative learning • on student centered learning • on change: evolutionary (not revolutionary) • on interaction among students • between students and teachers • on student achievement

22. Why • The Evolution of Distance Education: Implications for Instructional Design on the Potential of the Web Jason Huett, Leslie Moller, Wellesley R Foshay, Craig Coleman. TechTrends. Washington: Sep/Oct 2008. Vol. 52, Iss. 5; pg. 63, 5 pgs • Distance education is for students who • have social commitments • are being home-schooled • live in rural areas • are hospitalized • are homebound • require flexible hours for employment, • are incarcerated • who want to enrich their education • are traveling • have difficulty in regular classrooms • are in need of courses not offered during the regular school day Jason Huett,  Leslie Moller,  Wellesley R Foshay,  Craig Coleman. (2008). The Evolution of Distance Education: Implications for Instructional Design on the Potential of the Web. TechTrends, 52(5), 63-67.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1608653391).

23. How Topics to Consider Before We Begin • How Will School be Affected by a Distance Education Program? • The changing role of the instructor: coach vs expert • What goes into designing a distance education course? • Technical Considerations – • state of technology in the school • Hardware • software • Digital divide issues: is there internet at home? • Teacher willingness and preparedness • Student level of readiness: • Information literacy • Digital citizenship • Netiquette

24. Why the ISTE website Because educational software is at school, not at home. • Project based learning • Web 2.0 (blogs, wikis • Envisioning the Future of Education and Technology • Innovative Learning Technologies • Digital Citizenship Virtual Schools and Online Learning Bull, G. and Ferster, B. (2005-2006). Ubiquitous Computing in a Web 2.0 World. Learning & Leading with Technology, vol. 33, no.4 retrieved April 15, 2009, from http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/Publications/LL/LLIssues/Volume_33_2006_2005_/December_January_No_4_1/December-January_2005-2006.htm

25. How Project-Based Learning K-5 Technology Standards (5.a.4) 3. Research and Information Fluency Students apply digital tools to gather, evaluate, and use information. 2nd Grade All About Animal Research and Publication Project NETS An emerald tree boa protects its eggs by doing his body into a circle.

26. Why Learning is FUN

27. Why Accomplishment

28. How Web 2.0 • Blogs – between teacher and student • Bookmarking – portaportal– delicious • E-pals • Podcasting – MP3 player - ipod • RSS • Skype • ThinkQuest - contest • Webquest and Quest Garden • Videoconferencing • Wikis http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/EducatorResources/YourLearningJourney/Web20/A_Day_In_the_Life_of_Web_2_0.pdf

29. How We Need a Plan: An Instructional Design Approach for Distance Education Courses Michael Simonson, Charles Schlosser. Distance Learning. Greenwich: 2004. Vol. 1, Iss. 4; pg. 29, 10 p Twelve Golden Rules http://proquest.umi.com.lb-proxy8.touro.edu/pqdweb?index=12&sid=1&srchmode=3&vinst=PROD&fmt=4&startpage=-1&clientid=14844&vname=PQD&RQT=309&did=809428191&scaling=FULL&ts=1239992905&vtype=PQD&aid=1&rqt=309&TS=1239992959&clientId=14844&cc=1&TS=1239992959 Good teaching matters. Each medium has its own aesthetic. Education technologies are flexible. There is no "super-technology.” Make all four media available to teachers and learners: Print, audio, television, and computers. Balance variety with economy. 7. Interaction is essential. 8. Student numbers are critical. How many will use it? 9. New technologies are not necessarily better than old ones. 10. Teachers need training to use technology effectively. 11. Teamwork is essential: subject matter experts, instructional designers, and media specialists 12. Technology is not the issue. How and what we want the learners to learn is the issue and technology is a tool (p. 833)

30. How Digital Portfolios E-Portfolio • Assignments • Author studies • American Presidents and/or World Leaders • Science Lab results • End of Semester • Digital renditions of artwork completed over time • Showcase achievements • Reflect on work and share thoughts • Graduation • Digital proof of accomplishments over time • Part of college application

31. How Delivery • Relevant Content • Clear Directions • Control the pace of Learning WebCTCommunities E-Portfolio BlackBoard Cable in the Classroom

32. How Instructional Design Elements • learning objectives are clear • Lessons are based on curriculum and technology standards • Activities are engaging • Students collaborate • supportive online learning community • i.e. good teacher-student rapport • Frequent feedback • Assessment – how the students did • Evaluation – what worked, where is there room for improvement?

33. ??? Quiz • When planning a distance education course, which topic should be considered? • State of technology in the school • Teacher Preparedness • Student readiness • All of the above

34. How DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED DISTANCE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: A Knowledge Base for K-12 Teachers Mary Corwin Herring. Quarterly Review of Distance Education. Greenwich: Winter 2004. Vol. 5, Iss. 4; pg. 231, 13 pgs • Learning guide or facilitator roles for teachers • Training needs of students to implement learning strategies • Embedding of assessment within the learning process • Creation and facilitation of problem-based learning • Multiple approaches to knowledge development http://www.touro.edu.lb-proxy8.touro.edu/library/commerdb/proxyTC.asp?http://proquest.umi.com.lb-proxy8.touro.edu/pqdweb?did=844312261&sid=1&Fmt=4&clientId=14844&RQT=309&VName=PQD

35. How Douglas A. Kranch Douglas A Kranch.  (2008). GETTING IT RIGHT GRADUALLY: An Iterative Method for Online Instruction Development. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 9(1), 29-34.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1669673431). GETTING IT RIGHT GRADUALLY: An Iterative Method for Online Instruction Development Douglas A Kranch. Quarterly Review of Distance Education. Greenwich: 2008. Vol. 9, Iss. 1; pg. 29, 6 pgs

36. How Jolly T. Holden – Philip Westfall Jolly T Holden,  Philip J-L Westfall. (2006). Instructional Media Selection for Distance Learning: A Learning Environment Approach. Distance Learning, 3(2), 1-11.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1269843581). Instructional Media Selection for Distance Learning: A Learning Environment Approach Jolly T Holden, Philip J-L Westfall. Distance Learning. Greenwich: 2006. Vol. 3, Iss. 2; pg. 1, 11 pgs

37. How Tammy Ronsisvalle – Ryan Watkins Tammy Ronsisvalle,  Ryan Watkins. (2005). STUDENT SUCCESS IN ONLINE K-12 EDUCATION. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 6(2), 117-124,184.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 975609501). STUDENT SUCCESS IN ONLINE K-12 EDUCATION Tammy Ronsisvalle, Ryan Watkins. Quarterly Review of Distance Education. Greenwich: Summer 2005. Vol. 6, Iss. 2; pg. 117, 9 pgs

38. How Exemplary Implementation • WebCT Communities and Blackboard – Exemplary Course Projects • e-Commerce • Introduction to Online Learning (2006) • Nursing • University

39. How Rubric • Social/Rapport-building Designs for Interaction • Instructional Designs for Interaction • Interactivity of Technology Resources • Evidence of Learner Engagement • Evidence of Instructor Engagement http://www.csuchico.edu/celt/roi/

40. Readings Risa Blair,  Lyndon Godsall. (2006). ONE SCHOOL'S EXPERIENCE IN IMPLEMENTING E-PORTFOLIOS: Lessons Learned. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 7(2), 145-153,225-226.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1269827061). Mary Corwin Herring.  (2004). DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED DISTANCE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: A Knowledge Base for K-12 Teachers. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 5(4), 231-242,309.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 844312261).

43. APA Style Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume number(issue number if available). Retrieved month day, year, (if necessary) from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/ Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites, 149. Retrieved May 2, 2006, from http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving