DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF CAREER DECISIVENESS SCALE (CDS)

1. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF CAREER DECISIVENESS SCALE (CDS) Marites S. moya Ms psypm De la salle university, taff CANOSSA ACADEMY, Calamba City

2. CAREER CONCERNS

3. Implications Many factors contribute to the uncertainty and difficulties involved in making career decisions due to the the changing nature and complexity of the global economy and current vocational marketplace One of the important methods suggested in past research in order to help the students to increase their knowledge of potential occupations, as well as to enhance their career maturity and self-concept, is by implementing career counseling interventions or programs. The development of a scale that would assess the level and extent of career indecision among adolescents would be of great helped in directing career counselling intervention in order for a person acquire the necessary skills needed to progress in their career decision status

4. PURPOSES • to assess the level and extent of career indecision • to provide a criterion as baseline information for career counseling intervention.

5. Uses Screening Instrument Needs Assessment Tool

6. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE TEST • 30 item test • The responses on the inventory are made on a 5 point Likert type scale, as follows: Almost Always True - 5, Frequently True – 4, Occasionally True – 3, Seldom True – 2, Almost Never True – 1 • Sample • Grade 10 students • Majority are 16 years old and are female

7. FRAMEWORK/NOMOLOGICAL NETWORK INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Item Development Item Validation Pilot Testing Factor Analysis Determine the Reliability and Validity of the Test Norms Prepare the Content of the Technical Manual Scale Maximization/ Implementation Reliable and Valid Scale in Measuring Career Decisiveness Development of Technical Manual Screening and Needs assessment scale for career counselling interventions Career Decision Making Concerns, Feelings, Attitudes

8. DEFINITION OF THE CONSTRUCTS • Those who have already decided on a career, satisfied with his/her choice and feel confident on his/her decision making capacity and are motivated and committed in pursuing career goals • Those who have experience anxiety and negative affectivity in coming up with a plan of action; unsure of his/her career goals and have not made a decision. They may require career counseling to address the problems. Decided/Decisive Individuals Undecided/ Indecisive Individuals

9. FIRST FACTOR LOADING

14. FACTOR 1 (28 ITEMS)

17. FACTOR 2 (17 ITEMS)

19. FACTOR 1

21. FACTOR 2

22. Note: Factor Loadings below .40 have been omitted.

23. PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTY

24. VALIDITY

25. Content Validity • Content validity was established through concurrence of five experts in the field (2 guidance counselors, 2 professors, and 1 researcher) • Selection of items was done through statistical analyses which contributed to construct validity of the test which in turned assure the structural validity of the scale.

26. Construct Validity • A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to extract the factor structure of the instrument. A two factor model was confirmed with the Career Decisiveness Scale.

27. CRITERION VALIDITY • Criterion Validity is concerned with the extent to which the Career Decisiveness Scale (CDS) accurately discriminates between persons who are decided in the course and those are still undecided. Evidence of predictive validity was established by analyzing the differences in CDS Total score for each group. The Decided group showed significantly higher mean scores on the CDS Total Score (M = 109.29, SD = 10.92) than the undecided group (M= 80.93, SD = 9.54), t (-7.32 = 1.31, p = 0.000000).

28. RELIABILITY

29. INTERNAL CONSISTENCY • The internal consistency (alpha) coefficients for the Career Decisiveness Scale (CDS) Total score was .92. Alpha coefficients for factors 1 and 2 are .93 and .91 respectively.

30. FURTHER RESEARCH Overall reliability of the instrument yielded a high reliability coefficient, however it is the dream of the developer to conduct a test-retest to establish the scales stability. A similar measure will also be administered to determine the extent to which CDS Total Score correlate with other measures of similar constructs in a theoretically consistent direction. To investigate further the development of the instrument, the scale will be administered to a large number og participants and other year levels to extend the test usability.

31. SAMPLE ITEMS

32. DIRECTIONS: This questionnaire contains statements about your feelings/attitude towards career decision making. Next to each statement, circle the number that represents how you feel about the statement using the following scoring system: Almost Always True - 5 Frequently True - 4 Occasionally True - 3 Seldom True - 2 Almost Never True - 1 Be honest about your responses as there is no right or wrong answers. Base your answer on your actual experience, not on how you would like to be seen. There is no time limit but work quickly and make sure that each statement is carefully read and answered.

33. I feel I have enough information about the career I intend to enter. • I have not decided about my future career. • I have definitely made up my mind on what particular career I would like to pursue. • I am uncertain because I cannot choose between two careers for which I have equal interest. • I have no idea as to what I would like to be in the future. • I am aware of my strength.