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Germanic Kingdoms Unite Under Charlemagne

Germanic Kingdoms Unite Under Charlemagne. Germanic Kingdoms Arise. German warriors were not loyal to emperors & administrators whom they had never met Instead, loyalty rested with personal ties Made establishing an orderly gov’t impossible. Clovis I and the Franks.

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Germanic Kingdoms Unite Under Charlemagne

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  1. Germanic Kingdoms Unite Under Charlemagne

  2. Germanic Kingdoms Arise • German warriors were not loyal to emperors & administrators whom they had never met • Instead, loyalty rested with personal ties • Made establishing an orderly gov’t impossible

  3. Clovis I and the Franks • Clovis was leader of Germanic people of Gaul, known as the Franks - Converted to Christianity - United Franks into one kingdom

  4. Germans Adopt Christianity The Church & Monasteries - Monks gave up possessions to live in these religious communities - Women = nuns

  5. Italian monk Benedict wrote book describing rules for monasteries • Scholastica wrote book for nuns • Monasteries became Europe’s best-educated communities 1) Opened schools 2) Maintained libraries 3) Copied books

  6. Pope Gregory I • Broadened authority of the papacy • Made papacy secular (worldly) power involved in politics • Church $ used to raise armies, repair roads, help poor • Idea of churchly kingdom ruled by pope was central theme of Middle Ages

  7. An Empire Evolves • Franks controlled the largest & most powerful of Europe’s kingdoms • Official known as major domo, or mayor of the palace, became most powerful person - Charles Martel (the Hammer) was major domo - Defeated Muslims in Battle of Tours

  8. The Carolingians • At his death, Charles Martel gives power to his son, Pepin the Short • Pepin cooperated w/pope because he wanted to be king - Agreed to fight the Lombards who threatened Rome • Pope anointed Pepin “king by the grace of God” • Thus, the Carolingian Dynasty began

  9. Pepin. Short.

  10. Charlemagne Becomes Emperor • Pepin’s son Charles the Great ruled the kingdom after his death • Built great empire - Fought Muslims and Germanic kingdoms - Conquered new territories & spread Christianity

  11. Charlemagne Becomes Emperor • Crowned emperor by the pope

  12. Charlemagne Leads a Revival • Strengthened his royal power by… limiting the authority of nobles • Sent out royal agents to ensure that landholders (counts) governed justly • One of his greatest accomplishments was the encouragement of learning - Opened palace school - Schools for future monks & priests

  13. Illuminated Manuscripts

  14. Charlemagne’s Heirs • Charlemagne crowned son Louis the Pious as emperor before his death • Louis was ineffective as ruler • Louis left three sons to bicker over control of the Empire • Treaty of Verdun divided empire into three kingdoms - Resulted in loss of power & authority  Emergence of feudalism

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