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INTEGERS

GROUP 1 6A. INTEGERS. HISTORY OF NEGATIVE INTEGERS. Negative integers can be traced to the Chinese in 200 BCE. They used red rods to represent positive numbers and black rods to represent negative numbers.

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INTEGERS

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  1. GROUP 1 6A INTEGERS

  2. HISTORY OF NEGATIVE INTEGERS • Negative integers can be traced to the Chinese in 200 BCE. • They used red rods to represent positive numbers and black rods to represent negative numbers. • In India ,negative integers started appearing around AD 620 – 630 in the work of Hindu Brahma Gupta.

  3. He called the positive numbers affirmative quantities. • Chu – Shiky gave the “rule of sign”. • There have been various notations to represent negative numbers. • The Hindus put a small circle or a dot over or next to the number to denote it was a negative number.

  4. The Chinese drew a slash through a portion of the number to indicate that the number was negative.

  5. USE OF INTEGERS IN READING TEMPERATURES • For temperature reading we can use integers in the following ways: • Eg: If the temperature rises by x degree it is represented as +x degree celsius. • If it falls by y degree it is represented as –y degree celsius.

  6. WEDNESDAY TUESDAY THURSDAY MONDAY H=Highest temperature L= Lowest temperature What was the coldest temperature in Kashmir? The coldest temperature was -3 0 celsius What was the highest temperature in Delhi ? The highest temperature was 46 0 celsius

  7. RULES THAT EXIST FOR PERFORMING OPERATIONS ON INTEGERS • In addition ,subtraction: same sign keep and add, different signs subtract take the sign of the bigger absolute value. • + of + = + - of - = + - of + = - + of - = - • In multiplication if the signs are same the answer is positive opposite signs give negative.

  8. In multiplication and division SPON works THAT IS ‘ same signs positive and opposite signs negative’.

  9. RULES • KEY : Good (+) ; Hate (-) ; Love (+) ; Bad (-) • If you love to love ,it is good (+) x (-) = - • If you hate to hate ,it is good (-) x (-) = + • If you love to hate , it is bad (+) x (-) = - • If you hate to love , it is bad (- ) X (+) = -

  10. RULES • DMAS RULE • Dear mother and sister to remember the rule i.e. Order of operation • DMAS rule explains when an operator should be considered for when there occur multiple operators in an expression.

  11. DMAS • Order of operations: • Division • Multiplication • Addition • Subtraction.

  12. USE OF INTEGERS IN SPORTS • Negative numbers are commonly used in sports. • Eg: in hockey if a player on your side score on your line it is a plus. If a player from the other team scores on your line then it is a minus.

  13. USE OF INTEGERS IN BANKS, BUSINESS • Negative integers are used to represent debits and positive integers for credit. • Eg : if I deposit Rs.100/- then the balance is +100 I withdraw Rs.50/- then my account will show -50 (debit).

  14. USE OF INTEGERS IN BUDGETING • Budgeting is allotting a certain amount of money for a particular project or work. • When the allotted amount is less than required then the deficit is represented by a negative integer and after the completion of work if there is some amount left after the work is done that amount is represented by a positive integer.

  15. If I get Rs.100/-as a birthday present it is represented by+100. • If I spend Rs.75/- on paints it is denoted by -75 • += • -=

  16. I am going shopping today and I have only Rs.500 to spend. • My shopping list contains: • 1kg Sugar for Rs.50 • 5kg rice for Rs.150 • 1kg of mangos and bananas for Rs.100 • A fountain pen for Rs.100 • 2 books for Rs.50

  17. A fancy pouch for Rs.50 • 3 CDs for Rs.30 • I had only Rs.500 to spend I give away Rs.500 but I still have a balance of Rs.30 so it is represented as -30.

  18. Lokesh Ekshetha Abigyna Krut Ram Akshay TEAM MEMBERS TEAM MEMBERS

  19. learning experience • We learnt how to add, subtract , multiply and divide integers. • We learnt how integers started and how to perform many operations on integers.

  20. CITATIONS • Google .co.in/images?um=1&h1=en&tbs =icsh%=3A1&sa=1&q=thermometers clear pictures. • Google.co .in /imegres?imegurl=http: //math.ppst.com/banner-math-negative.

  21. Integers handout • www.cartoonstalk.com

  22. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT • We thank Bhagya maam for her valuable guidance and patient help. • We thank Bhagya maam for allowing us to do such a wonderful project.

  23. THANK YOU

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