1 / 84

MATH Dictionary

MATH Dictionary. TC1 , TC2 , TC3 , TC4 , TC5. Table of Contents. TC2 , TC3 , TC4 , TC5. Angle Area Associative Property of Multiplication Base Benchmark Cardinal Number Chord Circle Circumference Combination Common Factor Commutative Property of Multiplication.

adina
Download Presentation

MATH Dictionary

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. MATH Dictionary TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4, TC5

  2. Table of Contents TC2, TC3, TC4, TC5 Angle Area Associative Property of Multiplication Base Benchmark Cardinal Number Chord Circle Circumference Combination Common Factor Commutative Property of Multiplication Composite Number Congruent Decimal Division Degree Denominator Distributive Property Division Terms Divisibility Rules Division Steps Equivalent Equivalent Fraction Equivalent Fraction (Method of Finding) Equilateral Triangles

  3. Table of Contents TC1, TC3, TC4, TC5 Equally Likely Factor Factors, Prime Fraction Fraction (Simplest Form) Fraction, Improper Face Geometry Gram Greatest Common Factor Hexagon Hundredth Inequality Impossible Interval Intersecting Lines Isosceles Triangle Inverse Operation Kilo Line Line Segment Leaf Likely Like Fractions Mean Median Minuend

  4. Table of Contents TC1, TC2, TC4, TC5 Parallelogram Pattern1, Pattern2, Pattern3 Pentagon Period Perimeter Perpendicular Place Value Plane Point Polygon Precise Prime Number Prism Probability Mixed Number Mode Multiple Multiplication Properties Net Number, Nominal Number Number, Mixed Number, Mixed Decimal Obtuse Angle Octagon Ordered Pair Ordinal Numbers Outcomes Parallel Lines

  5. Table of Contents TC1, TC2, TC3, TC5 Product Pyramid Quadrilateral Quotient Radius Range Ray Rectangle Reflection Rhombus Rotation Rounding Rules Scale Similar Figures Simplest Form Stem-Leaf Plot Strategies Subtrahend Symbols Time Transformation Translation Triangle Unlike Fractions Vertex Venn Diagram Volume Zero Property of Multiplication

  6. Table of Contents TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4 Conversion Decimal Place Value Formula Subtrahend Symbols Time Transformation Translation Triangle Unlike Fractions Vertex Vinn Diagram Volume Zero Property of Multiplication

  7. W L A Angle ABC, Angle CBA, Angle B ABC, CBA, B B C A Area – the number of square units needed to cover a surface. (Note - area is measured in square units.) Rectangular Area = L x W (length times width) Angle – what is formed when two rays have the same endpoint. An angle can be named by the vertex and one point on each ray or just by the vertex. Example: Note – the middle letter of the angle name must be the name of the vertex end point.

  8. A B C A B C A -- Acute Angle – an angle that measures less than 90 degrees. Example: ABC is acute -- Obtuse Angle – an angle that measures more than 90 degrees. Example: ABC is obtuse

  9. A B C A -- Perpendicular Angle (Right Angle) – an angle that measures 90 degrees (90°). Example: ABC is a right angle/ perpendicular angle Associative Property of Multiplication – see section M, under “Multiplication.”

  10. Note – the base is a square, so the figure is a square pyramid Base B Benchmark – a point of reference. Base – a face of a solid figure by which the figure is measured or is named. Example:

  11. C Cardinal Number – a number that “counts” or tells how many are in a group or set of something. Example: 9 players are on a baseball team. “9” is a cardinal number. Composite Number – a number that has more than two factors. Example: 4 is a composite; factors – 1, 2, 4 12 is composite; factors – 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12

  12. C Common Factor – a number that is a factor of two or more numbers at the same time. Example: Factors of 24 – 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 Factors of 36 – 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36 Common Factors of 24 & 36 – 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12

  13. B, H WhH, S S, B B, H WtH, S S, B B, H ItH, S S, B C Combination – any of the subsets into which a set of units or elements may be arranged, paying no attention to order. Example: Set 1 – Bread: Wheat (Wh), White (Wt), Italian (It) Set 2 – Meat: Bologna (B), Ham (H), Salami (S) Note – You may have 1 bread and any 2 different meats Meat Combination Sandwich Combinations B , H B , S H , S H , B S , B S , H Computation: Bread Elements times Meat Elements 3 x 3 Set 1 x Set 2 = 9 possible combinations of sandwiches 1 2 3

  14. r r r ● ● ● r ● C Circle – a closed figure with all points on the figure the same distance from the center point. Example: Note – all r’s are the same length. -- Circumference – the perimeter of a circle. Example: -- Radius – a line segment with one endpoint at the center of the circle and the other endpoint on the circumference of the circle. Example:

  15. d ● diameter ● chord ● ● C -- Diameter – a line segment that passes through the center of the circle and has its endpoints on the circumference of the circle. Example: ● ● -- Chord – a line segment with its endpoints on the circumference of the circle, but it does not pass through the center. Example: Commutative Property of Multiplication – see section M, under Multiplication.

  16. C Congruent (Figures) – figures that have the same shape and size B A A D C B D C

  17. D Divisibility Rules: • Divisible by: • 2 - If the last digit is even, the number is divisible by 2. • 3 - If the sum of the digits is divisible by 3, the number is also. • 4 - If the last two digits form a number divisible by 4, the number is also. • 5 - If the last digit is a 5 or a 0, the number is divisible by 5. • 6 - If the number is divisible by both 3 and 2, the number is also divisible by 6. • 7 - Take the last digit, double it, and subtract it from the rest of the number; if • the answer is divisible by 7 (including 0), then the number is also. • 8 - If the last three digits form a number divisible by 8, then so is the whole • number. • 9 - If the sum of the digits is divisible by 9, the number is also. • 10 - If the number ends in 0, it is divisible by 10.

  18. Division Terms: Definitions: Divisor – the quantity by which another number (the Dividend) is divided. Dividend – a quantity to be divided. Quotient – the quantity resulting from the division of one quantity by another. Quotient Dividend Divisor D Division – the operation of determining how many times one quantity is contained in another quantity.

  19. Division Steps: Decide where to place the first digit. 3 6 25 25 5 5 0 1 5 0 2 5 3 6 DMSCB --- R If none D Operations: Divide Multiply Subtract Check Bring Down (if none) ----------------------------- Write Remainder

  20. D 7 5 . 4 5 22 1, 6 6 0 . 0 0 1 5 4 1 2 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 8 8 1 2 0 1 1 0 1 0 Decimal Division: Example: Denominator – the number that is below the bar in a fraction and tells the total number of equal parts. Example: ¼, the 4 is the denominator and it is showing there are four equal parts in the total.

  21. A B C D Degree – a unit for measuring angles and for measuring temperature. Example: Angle ABC is 90 degrees or 90°.

  22. ¼ ¼ 1/2 0 1 ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ 1/2 E Equivalent Fraction – fractions that name the same number or amount; fractions that name the same part of the whole or a set. Example: 1/2 = 2/4 The diagrams show that ½ of the figure is equal to 2/4 ( 2 x ¼ ) of the figure. -- Mathematical Solution - 122 2 2 4

  23. ● ● E Method for Finding Equivalent Fractions: -- Multiply the numerator and the denominator by any number, provided you use the same number in the numerator and the denominator. Example: Change ½ into fourths Change ½ into sixths 122133 2 2 4 2 3 6 -- Divide the numerator and the denominator by the greatest common factor (GCF) of the numerator and denominator. Example: Change 2/4 into an equivalent fraction Factors of 2 are 1, 2; Factors of 4 are 1, 2, 4; GCF is 2 221 4 2 = 2

  24. E Equivalent – means having the same value. Equally Likely – see section P, under Probability. Equilateral Triangles – see section T, under Triangles.

  25. 1 2 4 3 F Factor – a number multiplied by another number to find a product. Example: 2 x 4 = 8; factors are 2, 4. Fraction – a fraction is a number that names a part of a whole or a part of a group. Example: using pizza 1 = each person’s part 4 = total number of equal parts Test for Simplest Form of a Fraction: find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of the numerator and the denominator. If the GCF is 1, then the fraction is in simplest form.

  26. Factors, Prime (Prime Factors) – all the prime numbers that when multiplied together give the desired product. Example: The product is 24; the prime factors of 24 are 2 X 2 X 2 X 3. The Prime Factor Tree for product 24: 24 2 X 12 3 X 4 2 X 2 Note – Only prime numbers make up the prime factors. F Fraction, Improper (Improper Fraction) – a fraction in which the Numerator is larger than the denominator. Example: 5/4; 5 > 4 or 5 (the numerator) is greater than 4 (the denominator).

  27. Face Face F Face – a flat surface of a solid figure. Example: Note – a cube has six faces.

  28. G Geometry – a branch of mathematics that deals with points, lines, angles, shapes, and solids. Greatest Common Factor (GCF) – the largest factor that two Or more numbers have in common (i.e., share). Example: For products 18 and 30, what is the GCF? Factors of 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18 Factors of 30: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30 The Greatest Common Factor (GCF) is 6. Gram– the unit for measuring mass in the Metric System.

  29. 2 1 3 6 4 5 H Hexagon – a polygon with six sides and six internal angles. Example: Hundredth – the decimal or fraction that names one part of one hundred equal parts. Example: 1 or 0.01 100

  30. ● ● A Y ● ● ● z B Crossing Point I Intersecting Lines – lines that cross at one point. Example: D Impossible – see section P, Probability. Isosceles Triangle – see section T, Triangles. Inverse Operation – opposite operations that undo each other. Example: Addition and subtraction are inverse operations. Multiplication and division are inverse operations.

  31. Y Interval 5 4 3 2 1 X 5 10 15 20 25 I Interval – the distance between the numbers on a scale of a graph. Example: Note – The interval of the Y axis is 1. The interval of the X axis is 5. Inequlaity – a mathematical sentence that shows two expressions do not represent the same quantity. Example: 3 + 2 > 4 - 1

  32. J

  33. K Kilo – a prefix used in the Metric System that means “times 1,000.” Note - see the Measurement Conversion Aid

  34. ● ● B A ● ● B A L Line – a straight path in a plane. It has no end. It can be named by any two points on that line. Example: Line AB or A B Line BA or B A Line Segment – a part of a line between two endpoints. Example: Line Segment AB or A B Line Segment BA or B A Leaf – see section S, under Stem and Leaf Plot.

  35. L Likely – see section P, Probability. Like Fractions – are fractions that have the same denominator. Example: 1/ 8 and 5/8 are like fractions.

  36. M Multiplication Properties: 1.Commutative Property of Multiplication - you can multiply numbers in any order. The product is always the same. Example: 8 X 5 = 40 or 5 X 8 = 40 2. Associative Property of Multiplication – you can group factors differently. The product is always the same. Example: (5 X 4) X 2 = (5 X ( 4 X 2)) 20 X 2 = 5 X 8 = 40 3. Property of One – when one of the factors is 1, the product equals the other number. Example: 8 X 1 = 8; 1 X 8 = 8 4. Zero property for Multiplication – when one factor is zero, the product is zero. Example: 6 X 0 = 0; 0 X 6 = 0

  37. M 5. Distributive Property of Multiplication – multiplying a sum by a number is the same as multiplying each addend by the number and then adding the products. Example: 3 X (4 + 2) = (3 X 4) + (3 X 2) 3 X 6 = 12 + 6 = 18 Minuend – the number from which another number is to be subtracted. Example: 14 - 9 = 5; 14 is the minuend. Median – the middle number in an ordered set of data or series of numbers. Example: Data Set – 5, 6, 8, 7, 4; Ordered data – 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 The median is 6

  38. 2 8 4 M Mode – the number that occurs most often in an ordered set of data or series of numbers. Example: Data Set – 3, 5, 7, 6, 8, 7, 4; Ordered data – 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,7, 8 The mode is 7. Mean – the number that represents all the numbers in a set of Data, often called the “average.” Example: Date Set – 3, 6, 11, 8 Add the elements – 3 + 6 + 11 + 8 = 28; Divide the sum by the number of elements in the data set – 7 7 is the mean.

  39. M Multiple – a number that is the product of a given number and Another whole number. Example: 3 X 2 = 6; 6 is a multiple of 3 X 2 3 X 3 = 9; 9 is a multiple of 3 X 3 Mixed Number – a number that is made of a whole number and a fraction. Example: 2 ½ is a mixed number; 2 is the whole number and ½ is the fraction.

  40. N Nominal Number – a number that names things. Example: 909 Courtney Lane; “909” is a nominal number. Number, Mixed Decimal (Mixed Decimal Number) – a number that is made of a whole number and a decimal number. Example: 1. 2 – 1 is the whole number; .2 is the decimal number. Numerator – the number above the bar in a fraction that tells How many parts are being considered. Example: 3/5; 3 is the numerator and tells that we are considering 3 parts out of the total of 5 equal parts.

  41. N Net – a two dimensional pattern for a three dimensional solid. Example: Net for The cube

  42. O Ordinal Number – a number that tells the position or order. Example: 1st , second, 15th , 3rd

  43. Outcomes (Total Possible Outcomes Different Ways) Note – order or arrangement does matter. Definition – all the possible different ways objects or numbers can be put together in a specified manner. Example: If you flip two coins, how many possible outcomes can you have? Two Coins - C1, C2 H1, T1 H2, T2 There are 16 possible outcomes. H2 H1 T2 H2 T1 T2 T2 T1 H2 T2 H1 H2 H1 H2 T1 H1 T2 T1 T1 T2 H1 T1 H2 H1 ● ● O

  44. 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 O Octagon – a polygon with eight sides and eight internal angles. Example: Obtuse Angle – an angle that measures more than 90 degrees; see section A, Angle.

  45. Y 5 4 ● (5, 3) 3 2 1 X 1 2 3 4 5 O Ordered Pair – a pair of numbers used to locate a point on a Grid. Example: (5, 3) is an ordered pair of numbers. Note – with an ordered pair of numbers, the first number is on the X axis and the second number is on the Y axis.

  46. W L L W P Product – the answer to a multiplication problem; the number (answer) gotten when two factors are multiplied. Example: 2 X 4 = 8; the factors are 2 & 4; the product is 8. Perimeter – the measure of the distance around the outside of a closed figure. Example: for a rectangle Perimeter = W + L + W + L Using the Mathematical Properties: W + L + W + L = P W + W + L + L = P (Associative Property of Addition) 2 W + 2L = P 2 X ( W + L) = P (Distributive Property of Multiplication)

  47. P Prime Number – a number that has only two factors, 1 and the number itself. Example: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 are prime numbers. For the number 3, the only way to get the number as a product is using the factors 1 and 3 (1 X 3 = 3). Pattern – a set of characteristics that are displayed repeatedly. Example: Continue the sequence 35, 40, 45, 50, ___, ___, … First, find the difference for 3 sequential pairs of numbers – 40 – 35 = 5, 45 – 40 = 5, 50 – 45 = 5. the difference is 5; therefore, you can continue the sequence by “adding” 5 to the last number in the sequence – 50, 55 (50 + 5), 60 (55 +5).

  48. A B D C P Precise – finding a unit that measures nearest to the actual length of an object. Point – identifies a location on an object or in space. It is named by a letter. Example: Point B ● B Plane – a flat surface with no end. Planes are named by any three points in the plane. Example: Plane ABC

  49. P Probability – the chance that an event will happen. -- Event – something that happens in a probability experiment that results in an outcome. -- Certain – an event will always happen (the probability is equal to 1). -- Impossible – an event will never happen (the probability is equal to 0). -- More Likely – an event that has more chances to happen than another event (its probability is greater than the probability of another event).

  50. P Probability (continued). -- Less Likely – an event that has fewer chances to happen than another event (its probability is less than the probability of another event). -- Equally Likely - an event that has the same number of chances to happen as another event (its probability is equal to the probability of another event). The number of Probability = ways an event occurs = Possible Outcomes The number of ways Total Possible Outcomes all events can occur

More Related