United States Elections: 1976 & 2000

1. Jimmie Carter George W. Bush Gerald Ford Albert Gore United States Elections:1976 & 2000

2. Watergate Scandal Discontent with the Republican party Country exhausted after century of fighting and scandal Unemployment Federal Budget Energy regulation and usage Turmoil in 1976 Political cartoon about Watergate Scandal

3. Watergate Wrongdoings • Men from the Nixon administration wiretapped Democratic phone lines • Watergate Hotel • Men were discovered on their third time invading the office • Nixon faced impeachment, but instead resigned the presidency Another Watergate Cartoon

4. Ford Fumbles, loses presidency? • Ford issued a pardon for Nixon after Watergate Scandal • Public disillusioned with Republican platform • American’s upset with Ford for pardoning Nixon • Ford considered too close to the scandal to trust Newspaper about Nixon Resigning

5. Political Cartoon about Ford’s pardoning of Nixon for Watergate

6. No Work = No Economy Rate of unemployed grew because of depression One of the worst post-WWII depressions faced by country Ford wanted to stimulate economic growth by private investment Carter wanted to increase the number of jobs Graph showing the Unemployment rates 1975-1995

7. Bad Budget More conservative (complies with Republican stereotype) Emphasized economic growth by private investment Wanted to reduce government spending Offered moderate tax cuts Inherently more liberal with Government spending because of liberal views of Democrats Offered large tax cuts and funded numerous public service jobs/programs Wanted to raise minimum wage and control prices to combat inflation RepublicanDemocrat

8. Nuclear Noncompliance Carter wanted to minimize dependence on nuclear power For advocated expansion of nuclear power Carter chose socialistic route, wanted more government regulation of energy industry Ford went capitalistic, arguing for less government intrusion on energy. Nuclear Energy Cells

9. Issue Maker 2000 Lewinsky Affair Public upset with Democratic party Foreign policy with China Gun Control Social security Defense Economy Cartoon depicting public’s unenthusiastic responses to Bush and Gore

10. Clinton’s Lewinsky Lover Clinton had an affair with his intern, Monica Lewinsky Clinton denied charges, found guilty with evidence Held in contempt of court Faced with impeachment but evaded charges Republicans and Democrats accused Clinton of prudery and obstruction of justice Clinton’s license to practice law temporarily suspended Time Magazine featuring Lewinsky Affair

11. Little Trouble in Big China Redefine relationship between the US and China as two competitors instead of strategic partners “One-China” policy Treat China and Taiwan as a single country Supported Taiwan Relations Act 1979, stated that the US would treat Taiwan as it does other world powers Supported Taiwan Security Enhancement Act Generate greater US military support in Taiwan Said US must maintain role as world’s leader Wanted to allow president to open more markets Trading system with: Safeguards for workers Health and safety Child protection Cleaner environment Called on other nations to jumpstart their own economies RepublicanDemocrat

12. Free the Firearms! Bush advocated: Stronger enforcement of existing gun laws Background checks for those wishing to buy guns Support for the constitutional right to own guns Gore supported: Supported a ban on assault weapons Opposed protection of the second amendment Wanted to eliminate guns in schools Political cartoon about gun control

13. Social Security Stipulations Gore turned most support for older Americans Provide supplemental retirement security through pension reform Wanted to invest in Medicare and Social Security reforms Bush did not want to change benefits, but said they must be maintained Led bipartisan effort to reform it by allowing people to voluntarily invest some of payroll taxes in personal retirement accounts Personal savings accounts for younger workers Political cartoon showing public’s dislike of Bush’s social security policy

14. Defense Dilemma Believed that a strong, capable, and modern military is the foundation of peace Supported international military occupation Advocated the National Missile Defense Wanted to rebuild the military “Dangerous world requires a sharpened sword.” Foreign policy with a touch of iron Driven by American interests and values Wanted to safeguard nuclear arsenals Fight terrorism Slow global warming Focused on combating threats to national security Supported military intervention Open new markets abroad Forward Engagement policy Address new security issues before they became crises Seize new opportunities BushGore

15. Political cartoon depicting Gore’s insistence that Global Warming was man-made

16. Economical Enhancements Bush wanted to trim down budgets Reduce the budget baseline Bush offered some tax cuts to the people Cut taxes to make sure the budget did not bloat Gore wanted to use surplus for: Invest in families Social Security and Medicare Pay off national debt in 15 years Economy

17. Campaigning • “Rose Garden” strategy • Hosted dinners for Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Phillip • Presented self as a tested leader • Exploited acts achieved during time as Chief Executive and national leader Ford during his campaign Ford’s follies

18. Tactics • Ran as a reformer • Promoted fact that he was “untainted” by the Watergate scandal • Seen as unconnected to scandals in Washington • Made him attractive to the voting public Jimmy Carter during campaigning Carter’s campaign

19. The Bush Campaign Highly disciplined operation Surrounded by loyal staff Wouldn’t undercut Bush with leaks to press Attack opponent’s weaknesses to boost support of himself Aggressive Bush’s Campaign

20. Gore-y Tactics Strong stances on small amounts of issues Global warming Plans focused on the benefit of the people Use all surplus in the form of tax returns Gore during his campaign

21. One of the closest presidential elections in history Popular vote very even – 48% to 50% Electoral vote more diverse – 44.6% to 55.2% Still very close Ford controlled west and some of the Northeast Carter held the south and parts of New England Close counts of 1976 Election 1976 map

22. 2000 Debate Debacles • The closest election in history • Florida votes recounted • Decided unconstitutional in Bush’s favor • Still lots of controversy • Some still believe Gore should have won • Bush won 271 electoral votes to Gore’s 266 • Gore won more popular votes • Bush controlled south, middle, and midwest US • Gore held far west states, New England, and states bordering the Great Lakes Election 2000 map

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